تعد الصحة النفسية في مجال الطيران مصدر قلق متزايد لدى شركات الطيران والهيئات التنظيمية، بل وحتى لدى المسافرين أنفسهم.
حادثة الخطوط الجوية الهندية الأخيرة، التي أشارت نتائج التحقيق الأولية إلى احتمال أن قائد الطائرة هو من تسبّب عمداً في سقوطها أعادت إلى الأذهان حادثة مشابهة لطائرة «جيرمان وينغز» عام 2015م حينما قادها مساعد الكابتن نحو جبال الألب نتيجة معاناته من الاكتئاب ما أسفر عن وفاة 150 شخصاً.
بعد تلك الكارثة، أوصت وكالة سلامة الطيران الأوروبية بإجراءات صارمة، منها فرض وجود شخصين في قمرة القيادة في كلّ الأوقات، ومراقبة الحالة النفسية لأطقم الطيران، وتوفير برامج دعم تسمح للطيارين بمناقشة مخاوفهم دون خشية فقدان وظائفهم.
قبل عشر سنوات، أصدرت دار نشر جامعة الملك سعود كتاب «علم نفس الطيران»، الذي ترجمه د. هشام العسلي، ويعد مرجعاً علمياً هاماً بهذا الجانب، وهذا الأسبوع سعدت بالاطلاع على ورقة علمية للزميل الدكتور عبدالرحمن السلمان تناول فيها التحديات النفسية المتزايدة في صناعة الطيران، وأشار فيها إلى أن 23% من حوادث الطيران خلال العقد الماضي ترتبط بشكل مباشر بعوامل نفسية حسب تقرير منظمة الطيران المدني الدولي لعام 2024.
الورقة العلمية مليئة بالأرقام والأبحاث الحديثة، ففي دراسة مشتركة أجراها الاتحاد الدولي للنقل الجوي بالتعاون مع منظمة الصحة العالمية عام 2024م وُصفت بأنها أوسع مسح في مجال الصحة النفسية للطيران، وشارك فيها 32,000 موظف من 42 دولة، كشفت الدراسة عن أزمة حقيقية؛ حيث تبيّن أن 56% من الطيارين يعانون من أعراض الاكتئاب السريري، وهي نسبة تفوق المتوسط العام في المجتمعات (بين 8% و12%)، كما أن 41% من الطيارين أفادوا بمعاناتهم من قلق الطيران، و14% اعترفوا بوجود أفكار انتحارية.
أما أطقم الضيافة الجوية، فقد أظهرت الدراسة أن 63% منهم يعانون من الاكتئاب السريري، و52% من قلق الطيران، فيما بلغت نسبة من لديهم أفكار انتحارية 18% وشملت الأعراض الإرهاق العاطفي والتوتر العضلي.
المراقبون الجويون لم يكونوا بعيدين عن هذا التأثير؛ حيث أظهرت النتائج أن 48% منهم يعانون من الاكتئاب، و34% من قلق العمل، و9% من أفكار انتحارية، وشملت الأعراض نوبات الهلع والأرق المزمن.
أما فنيو الصيانة فيعانون من الإجهاد وأخطاء التركيز وتأثيرات الضجيج.
الأشد قلقاً في نتائج الدراسة أن 76% من العاملين في هذا القطاع يرفضون طلب المساعدة النفسية خوفاً من فقدان وظائفهم أو تراخيصهم المهنية، وهو ما يستدعي إعادة النظر في سياسات التقييم والدعم.
في هذا السياق، برزت التجربة الكندية من خلال برنامج «الأجنحة الصحية»، الذي أطلقته وزارة النقل عام 2024م ويستند إلى ثلاث ركائز: الوقاية، الكشف المبكر، والعلاج الشامل.
يوفر البرنامج خطاً ساخناً يعمل على مدار الساعة، ويديره أخصائيون نفسيون متخصصون في بيئة الطيران، كما يتيح عيادات متنقلة في المطارات الكبرى تقدم استشارات نفسية سريعة خلال فترات الراحة، مع تشريع يمنع فصل الموظف أو سحب رخصته نتيجة طلب المساعدة.
التجربة أثبتت نجاحها، حيث ارتفعت حالات الإبلاغ الذاتي عن الأعراض النفسية بنسبة 300%، وانخفضت الحوادث المرتبطة بالتوتر النفسي بنسبة 45%.
أما في الجانب التقني فقد طوّرت وكالة ناسا عام 2024م نظاماً متقدماً يعتمد على الذكاء الاصطناعي لتحليل نبرة صوت المراقبين الجويين، يستشعر التغيرات الطفيفة في سرعة الكلام ووضوح النطق ونبرته، وبدقة تصل إلى 94%؛ بهدف رصد علامات القلق والتدخل مبكراً.
إن التوسع الكبير في قطاع الطيران، والزيادة الهائلة في عدد الرحلات والمسافرين ينبغي أن يقابلها اهتمام مناسب بالصحة النفسية للعاملين في هذا القطاع. فسلامة الأجواء لا تتحقق فقط بصيانة الطائرات أو تطوير الأنظمة، بل تبدأ دون شك من سلامة الأشخاص، ومن قدرة المؤسسات على رعاية الإنسان قبل الجهاز.
منيف الحربي
نفسيات الطيارين.. بوابات السلامة
23 يوليو 2025 - 00:04
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آخر تحديث 23 يوليو 2025 - 00:04
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
Mental health in the aviation sector is an increasing concern for airlines, regulatory bodies, and even travelers themselves.
The recent incident involving Indian Airlines, where preliminary investigation results indicated that the pilot may have intentionally caused the crash, brings to mind a similar incident involving the "Germanwings" aircraft in 2015, when the co-pilot flew it into the Alps due to his struggle with depression, resulting in the deaths of 150 people.
Following that disaster, the European Aviation Safety Agency recommended strict measures, including the requirement for two people to be in the cockpit at all times, monitoring the mental health of flight crews, and providing support programs that allow pilots to discuss their concerns without fear of losing their jobs.
Ten years ago, King Saud University Press published the book "Aviation Psychology," translated by Dr. Hisham Al-Asli, which is an important scientific reference in this area. This week, I was pleased to review a scientific paper by my colleague Dr. Abdulrahman Al-Suliman, which addressed the increasing psychological challenges in the aviation industry, noting that 23% of aviation accidents in the past decade are directly related to psychological factors, according to a report by the International Civil Aviation Organization for 2024.
The scientific paper is filled with numbers and recent research. In a joint study conducted by the International Air Transport Association in collaboration with the World Health Organization in 2024, described as the largest survey in the field of mental health in aviation, 32,000 employees from 42 countries participated. The study revealed a real crisis; it showed that 56% of pilots suffer from symptoms of clinical depression, a rate exceeding the general average in communities (between 8% and 12%). Additionally, 41% of pilots reported experiencing flight anxiety, and 14% admitted to having suicidal thoughts.
As for cabin crew, the study found that 63% suffer from clinical depression, 52% from flight anxiety, while the percentage of those with suicidal thoughts was 18%, with symptoms including emotional exhaustion and muscle tension.
Air traffic controllers were not far from this impact; results showed that 48% of them suffer from depression, 34% from work-related anxiety, and 9% from suicidal thoughts, with symptoms including panic attacks and chronic insomnia.
Maintenance technicians experience stress, concentration errors, and the effects of noise.
The most concerning result of the study is that 76% of workers in this sector refuse to seek psychological help for fear of losing their jobs or professional licenses, which calls for a reconsideration of evaluation and support policies.
In this context, the Canadian experience has emerged through the "Healthy Wings" program, launched by the Ministry of Transport in 2024, which is based on three pillars: prevention, early detection, and comprehensive treatment.
The program provides a hotline that operates around the clock, managed by psychologists specialized in the aviation environment, and offers mobile clinics at major airports that provide quick psychological consultations during breaks, along with legislation that prevents the dismissal of employees or the revocation of their licenses as a result of seeking help.
The experience has proven successful, with self-reported cases of psychological symptoms increasing by 300%, and incidents related to psychological stress decreasing by 45%.
On the technical side, NASA developed an advanced system in 2024 that relies on artificial intelligence to analyze the tone of air traffic controllers' voices, detecting slight changes in speech rate, clarity of enunciation, and tone, with an accuracy of up to 94%; aimed at identifying signs of anxiety and intervening early.
The significant expansion in the aviation sector and the tremendous increase in the number of flights and travelers should be met with appropriate attention to the mental health of workers in this sector. The safety of the skies is not only achieved through aircraft maintenance or system development but undoubtedly begins with the safety of individuals and the ability of institutions to care for people before machines.
The recent incident involving Indian Airlines, where preliminary investigation results indicated that the pilot may have intentionally caused the crash, brings to mind a similar incident involving the "Germanwings" aircraft in 2015, when the co-pilot flew it into the Alps due to his struggle with depression, resulting in the deaths of 150 people.
Following that disaster, the European Aviation Safety Agency recommended strict measures, including the requirement for two people to be in the cockpit at all times, monitoring the mental health of flight crews, and providing support programs that allow pilots to discuss their concerns without fear of losing their jobs.
Ten years ago, King Saud University Press published the book "Aviation Psychology," translated by Dr. Hisham Al-Asli, which is an important scientific reference in this area. This week, I was pleased to review a scientific paper by my colleague Dr. Abdulrahman Al-Suliman, which addressed the increasing psychological challenges in the aviation industry, noting that 23% of aviation accidents in the past decade are directly related to psychological factors, according to a report by the International Civil Aviation Organization for 2024.
The scientific paper is filled with numbers and recent research. In a joint study conducted by the International Air Transport Association in collaboration with the World Health Organization in 2024, described as the largest survey in the field of mental health in aviation, 32,000 employees from 42 countries participated. The study revealed a real crisis; it showed that 56% of pilots suffer from symptoms of clinical depression, a rate exceeding the general average in communities (between 8% and 12%). Additionally, 41% of pilots reported experiencing flight anxiety, and 14% admitted to having suicidal thoughts.
As for cabin crew, the study found that 63% suffer from clinical depression, 52% from flight anxiety, while the percentage of those with suicidal thoughts was 18%, with symptoms including emotional exhaustion and muscle tension.
Air traffic controllers were not far from this impact; results showed that 48% of them suffer from depression, 34% from work-related anxiety, and 9% from suicidal thoughts, with symptoms including panic attacks and chronic insomnia.
Maintenance technicians experience stress, concentration errors, and the effects of noise.
The most concerning result of the study is that 76% of workers in this sector refuse to seek psychological help for fear of losing their jobs or professional licenses, which calls for a reconsideration of evaluation and support policies.
In this context, the Canadian experience has emerged through the "Healthy Wings" program, launched by the Ministry of Transport in 2024, which is based on three pillars: prevention, early detection, and comprehensive treatment.
The program provides a hotline that operates around the clock, managed by psychologists specialized in the aviation environment, and offers mobile clinics at major airports that provide quick psychological consultations during breaks, along with legislation that prevents the dismissal of employees or the revocation of their licenses as a result of seeking help.
The experience has proven successful, with self-reported cases of psychological symptoms increasing by 300%, and incidents related to psychological stress decreasing by 45%.
On the technical side, NASA developed an advanced system in 2024 that relies on artificial intelligence to analyze the tone of air traffic controllers' voices, detecting slight changes in speech rate, clarity of enunciation, and tone, with an accuracy of up to 94%; aimed at identifying signs of anxiety and intervening early.
The significant expansion in the aviation sector and the tremendous increase in the number of flights and travelers should be met with appropriate attention to the mental health of workers in this sector. The safety of the skies is not only achieved through aircraft maintenance or system development but undoubtedly begins with the safety of individuals and the ability of institutions to care for people before machines.


