لا شك أن الجمهورية التركية دولة إسلامية كبرى. فهي بموقعها، ومساحتها الممتدة 783,562 كم2، وعدد سكانها البالغ 85 مليون نسمة، تشكل إحدى أكبر دول الإقليم العربي. وكونها «إسلامية»، يجعلها إحدى أكبر الدول الإسلامية، وأقرب للشرق، ولعالمها العربي، والإسلامي، منها للغرب. غير أن ميل الحكومات التركية المتعاقبة نحو الغرب، وعضويتها في حلف «ناتو» دفعها للتهدئة مع إسرائيل.
ولكن، حصل في الفترة الأخيرة، تدهور ملحوظ في العلاقات التركية- الإسرائيلية، بسبب رفض تركيا لعمليات الإبادة الجماعية، التي ترتكبها إسرائيل، ضد المدنيين من الشعب الفلسطيني. كما أن فصلاً جديداً في هذه العلاقات قد فتح، اعتباراً من يوم 8 ديسمبر 2024م، يوم هروب بشار الأسد من سوريا، بلور عقدين من التوتر، فيما بينهما. وربما سيسجل في هذا الفصل، تدهور أكثر، كما سوف نوضح.
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إذ يبدو الآن أن خلافاً حاداً سينشب بين الطرفين حول سوريا، والوضع المضطرب فيها. فمنذ انهيار نظام بشار الأسد، طفت على السطح المصالح المتضاربة بين الجانبين في سوريا. فكما هو معرف، تسعى إسرائيل بقوة لإضعاف سوريا، تمهيداً لتقسيمها الى دويلات وكيانات، طائفية، ومذهبية، وعرقية، متنافرة. وهنا لا بد أن نعود لبداية تأسيس الكيان الصهيوني، وقادتها الأوائل. فهناك تصريح شهير لـ(ديفيد بن جوريون)، أول رئيس للوزراء بإسرائيل، قال فيه حرفياً: «لا يمكن ضمان أمن إسرائيل، إلا بتدمير ثلاث دول عربية مجاورة، هي العراق، وسوريا، ومصر». وقد تم تدمير العراق وسوريا.
وبما أن إسرائيل تهدف لإضعاف سوريا، عبر تقسيمها، فإنها ترى بأنه ليس من الضروري القلق على من سيحكم سوريا، بعد نظام بشار الأسد، المهم أن يكون تحت هيمنة إسرائيل. كانت إسرائيل، كما هو معروف، تؤيد نظام الأسد بقوة، وتعتبره كنزاً استراتيجيا لإسرائيل؛ لأنه كان يمنع مهاجمة الكيان الصهيوني من سوريا. والمهم، بالنسبة لإسرائيل، أن يكون النظام السياسي بعد نظام بشار، ضعيفاً، ومفتوحاً للعربدة الإسرائيلية، متى وجدت ذلك ضرورياً. والواقع، أن إسرائيل استباحت أراضي سورية جديدة، واحتلت مناطق في الحدود الجنوبية لسوريا، كما هو معروف.
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ومن ضمن الوسائل القذرة التي تتبعها إسرائيل لتفتيت سوريا، هي دعم بعض الأقليات، وفي مقدمتها الأقلية الكردية. ووعد الأكراد بمساعدتهم في إقامة دولة خاصة بهم.. في إطار تقسيم سوريا، وابتزاز تركيا. وكما ذكرنا، فإن تعداد سكان تركيا حوالى 85 مليون نسمة، حوالى 20% منهم من الاكراد، الطامحين لإقامة دولة خاصة بهم، تضمهم وبقية الأكراد، المتواجدين في كلٍّ من العراق، وسوريا، وإيران، وغيرها. ويبلغ تعداد الأكراد، في هذه الدول، حوالى 34 مليون نسمة (15 في تركيا، 10 في إيران، 5 في العراق، 2.5 في سوريا، 1.5 في دول أخرى).
يعتبر الأكراد أكبر أقلية في تركيا، وتمثلهم جماعة معارضة مسلحة محظورة، تسمى (حزب العمال الكردستاني) (PKK) تسعى لأن يكون لهم دولة مستقلة خاصة بهم. وفي القرن العشرين، بدأت محاولة إقامة دولة (كردستان) المستقلة. وبعد انتهاء الحرب العالمية الأولى، وضع التصور الذي أصبحت عليه الدولة التركية، والذي أدى إلى إجهاض قيام دولة كردية. وذلك إثر توقيع معاهدة لوزان، سنة 1923م. وما زالت (المسألة الكردية) معلقة، كالقنبلة الموقوتة.
هذا التطلع يفزع تركيا، ويجعلها تحاول إيقافه. فتنامي سلطان الأكراد في سوريا، يهدد وحدة وتماسك الجمهورية التركية، في المدى الطويل. ويعد ذلك من أخطر ما يواجه الدولة التركية، بوضعها الحالي، ومنذ استقلالها عام 1923م. إن بتركيا حوالى 15 مليون كردي، يتمتعون بالجنسية التركية. وقيام دولة كردية في سوريا، سيصاعد من تطلع الأكراد الملح، لضمها، وإقامة الدولة الكردية المنتظرة.
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وحاولت تركيا إجراء انتقال سلس للسلطة، بعد انهيار نظام بشار الأسد. فعدم استقرار سوريا يهدد أمن واستقرار تركيا. وسوريا مقسمة تعيق طموحات تركيا. فأطماع إسرائيل في تركيا تتقاطع مع الأهداف التركية. إسرائيل تخشى تكوّن هلال سني، يمتد من الأردن حتى تركيا، وعبر سوريا. لكل ذلك، يتوقع أن يتصاعد التوتر بين تركيا وإسرائيل، حول سوريا. وهذا التوتر يميل للتطور إلى وضع من الأوضاع الثلاثة التالية:
- نشوب حرب غير مباشرة بين الطرفين: حيث تساعد إسرائيل الميليشيات المتمردة على دمشق، بينما تدعم تركيا الأطراف المؤيدة للنظام السوري الجديد.
- الصدام المباشر: وهذا يعني دخول الطرفين في حرب مباشرة. وهذه الحرب، إن حصلت، ستعني دخول دولة عضو في حلف ناتو، في حرب مع إسرائيل، ربيبة الولايات المتحدة.
- التفاوض لتقاسم السيطرة والنفوذ في سوريا: وقد يستلزم ذلك تدخل وسيط، مقبول من الجانبين.
ومن المتوقع، أن يحصل أحد هذه الاحتمالات، في المدى القريب.
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
There is no doubt that the Republic of Turkey is a major Islamic state. With its location, an area of 783,562 km², and a population of 85 million, it is one of the largest countries in the Arab region. Being "Islamic" makes it one of the largest Islamic countries, and closer to the East, and its Arab and Islamic world, than to the West. However, the inclination of successive Turkish governments towards the West, and its membership in NATO, has led it to ease tensions with Israel.
Recently, however, there has been a noticeable deterioration in Turkish-Israeli relations due to Turkey's rejection of the genocidal operations carried out by Israel against the Palestinian civilian population. Additionally, a new chapter in these relations opened on December 8, 2024, the day Bashar al-Assad fled Syria, crystallizing two decades of tension between them. This chapter may witness further deterioration, as we will explain.
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It now seems that a sharp conflict will erupt between the two parties over Syria and the troubled situation there. Since the collapse of Bashar al-Assad's regime, conflicting interests between the two sides in Syria have surfaced. As is known, Israel is strongly seeking to weaken Syria, paving the way for its division into sectarian, religious, and ethnic mini-states. Here, we must return to the beginning of the establishment of the Zionist entity and its early leaders. There is a famous statement by David Ben-Gurion, the first Prime Minister of Israel, in which he literally said: "Israel's security can only be guaranteed by the destruction of three neighboring Arab countries: Iraq, Syria, and Egypt." Iraq and Syria have been destroyed.
Since Israel aims to weaken Syria by dividing it, it sees no need to worry about who will rule Syria after Bashar al-Assad's regime, as long as it is under Israeli hegemony. Israel, as is known, strongly supported the Assad regime, considering it a strategic treasure for Israel; because it prevented attacks on the Zionist entity from Syria. What is important for Israel is that the political system after Bashar's regime is weak and open to Israeli aggression whenever it deems it necessary. In fact, Israel has violated new Syrian territories and occupied areas in southern Syria, as is well known.
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Among the dirty tactics employed by Israel to fragment Syria is the support of certain minorities, foremost among them the Kurdish minority. The Kurds have been promised assistance in establishing a state of their own... within the framework of Syria's division and extorting Turkey. As we mentioned, Turkey's population is about 85 million, with around 20% of them being Kurds, who aspire to establish a state of their own that includes them and the other Kurds present in Iraq, Syria, Iran, and elsewhere. The total number of Kurds in these countries is about 34 million (15 million in Turkey, 10 million in Iran, 5 million in Iraq, 2.5 million in Syria, and 1.5 million in other countries).
The Kurds are the largest minority in Turkey, represented by a banned armed opposition group called the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), which seeks to have an independent state of their own. In the twentieth century, attempts to establish an independent Kurdistan began. After the end of World War I, the vision that shaped the Turkish state was established, which led to the abortion of the establishment of a Kurdish state. This was after the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. The "Kurdish issue" remains unresolved, like a ticking time bomb.
This aspiration frightens Turkey and makes it try to stop it. The growing power of the Kurds in Syria threatens the unity and cohesion of the Republic of Turkey in the long term. This is considered one of the most dangerous challenges facing the Turkish state in its current situation, since its independence in 1923. Turkey has about 15 million Kurds who hold Turkish citizenship. The establishment of a Kurdish state in Syria will escalate the urgent aspirations of the Kurds to annex it and establish the long-awaited Kurdish state.
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Turkey has attempted to make a smooth transition of power following the collapse of Bashar al-Assad's regime. The instability in Syria threatens Turkey's security and stability. A divided Syria hinders Turkey's ambitions. Israel's ambitions in Turkey intersect with Turkish goals. Israel fears the formation of a Sunni crescent extending from Jordan to Turkey, through Syria. For all these reasons, it is expected that tensions between Turkey and Israel will escalate over Syria. This tension is likely to develop into one of the following three situations:
- An indirect war between the two parties: where Israel supports the rebel militias against Damascus, while Turkey supports the factions loyal to the new Syrian regime.
- Direct confrontation: This means both parties entering into a direct war. If this war occurs, it would mean a NATO member state entering into war with Israel, a protégé of the United States.
- Negotiation to share control and influence in Syria: This may require the intervention of a mediator acceptable to both sides.
It is expected that one of these scenarios will occur in the near future.
Recently, however, there has been a noticeable deterioration in Turkish-Israeli relations due to Turkey's rejection of the genocidal operations carried out by Israel against the Palestinian civilian population. Additionally, a new chapter in these relations opened on December 8, 2024, the day Bashar al-Assad fled Syria, crystallizing two decades of tension between them. This chapter may witness further deterioration, as we will explain.
****
It now seems that a sharp conflict will erupt between the two parties over Syria and the troubled situation there. Since the collapse of Bashar al-Assad's regime, conflicting interests between the two sides in Syria have surfaced. As is known, Israel is strongly seeking to weaken Syria, paving the way for its division into sectarian, religious, and ethnic mini-states. Here, we must return to the beginning of the establishment of the Zionist entity and its early leaders. There is a famous statement by David Ben-Gurion, the first Prime Minister of Israel, in which he literally said: "Israel's security can only be guaranteed by the destruction of three neighboring Arab countries: Iraq, Syria, and Egypt." Iraq and Syria have been destroyed.
Since Israel aims to weaken Syria by dividing it, it sees no need to worry about who will rule Syria after Bashar al-Assad's regime, as long as it is under Israeli hegemony. Israel, as is known, strongly supported the Assad regime, considering it a strategic treasure for Israel; because it prevented attacks on the Zionist entity from Syria. What is important for Israel is that the political system after Bashar's regime is weak and open to Israeli aggression whenever it deems it necessary. In fact, Israel has violated new Syrian territories and occupied areas in southern Syria, as is well known.
****
Among the dirty tactics employed by Israel to fragment Syria is the support of certain minorities, foremost among them the Kurdish minority. The Kurds have been promised assistance in establishing a state of their own... within the framework of Syria's division and extorting Turkey. As we mentioned, Turkey's population is about 85 million, with around 20% of them being Kurds, who aspire to establish a state of their own that includes them and the other Kurds present in Iraq, Syria, Iran, and elsewhere. The total number of Kurds in these countries is about 34 million (15 million in Turkey, 10 million in Iran, 5 million in Iraq, 2.5 million in Syria, and 1.5 million in other countries).
The Kurds are the largest minority in Turkey, represented by a banned armed opposition group called the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), which seeks to have an independent state of their own. In the twentieth century, attempts to establish an independent Kurdistan began. After the end of World War I, the vision that shaped the Turkish state was established, which led to the abortion of the establishment of a Kurdish state. This was after the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923. The "Kurdish issue" remains unresolved, like a ticking time bomb.
This aspiration frightens Turkey and makes it try to stop it. The growing power of the Kurds in Syria threatens the unity and cohesion of the Republic of Turkey in the long term. This is considered one of the most dangerous challenges facing the Turkish state in its current situation, since its independence in 1923. Turkey has about 15 million Kurds who hold Turkish citizenship. The establishment of a Kurdish state in Syria will escalate the urgent aspirations of the Kurds to annex it and establish the long-awaited Kurdish state.
****
Turkey has attempted to make a smooth transition of power following the collapse of Bashar al-Assad's regime. The instability in Syria threatens Turkey's security and stability. A divided Syria hinders Turkey's ambitions. Israel's ambitions in Turkey intersect with Turkish goals. Israel fears the formation of a Sunni crescent extending from Jordan to Turkey, through Syria. For all these reasons, it is expected that tensions between Turkey and Israel will escalate over Syria. This tension is likely to develop into one of the following three situations:
- An indirect war between the two parties: where Israel supports the rebel militias against Damascus, while Turkey supports the factions loyal to the new Syrian regime.
- Direct confrontation: This means both parties entering into a direct war. If this war occurs, it would mean a NATO member state entering into war with Israel, a protégé of the United States.
- Negotiation to share control and influence in Syria: This may require the intervention of a mediator acceptable to both sides.
It is expected that one of these scenarios will occur in the near future.


