حذّرت شبكة «إيجار» التابعة لوزارة البلديات الإسكان من خطورة إضافة أو تعديل أي بنود على عقد الإيجار التجاري، مؤكدة أن ذلك قد يُفقد «العقد» صفته التنفيذية أمام المحاكم، ويُعطّل سرعة استيفاء حقوق أطراف العلاقة الإيجارية.
وأكد مصدر مطلع في «منصة ايجار» لـ «عكاظ»، أن جميع عقود «الإيجار السكنية» المبرمة عبر الشبكة تُعد سندات تنفيذية حتى في حال إضافة شروط خاصة، ما دامت الشروط لا تتعارض مع البنود الأساسية للعقد أو تغيّر طبيعته، إذ يستطيع المؤجر التوجّه مباشرة إلى محاكم التنفيذ لاستعادة حقوقه المالية أو طلب إخلاء العقار عند إخلال المستأجر بسداد الأجرة، دون الحاجة إلى رفع دعوى قضائية أو حضور جلسات مطولة كما كان يحدث سابقاً.
وأشار المصدر إلى أن «العقود التجارية» تختلف في ذلك، إذ إن إضافة أي شروط أو بنود جديدة على العقود التجارية تفقدها صفة السند التنفيذي، لتصبح عقوداً عادية تستوجب رفع دعوى قضائية أمام المحاكم للفصل في النزاعات.
وقال المصدر: هذه العقود وضوابطها تأتي ضمن جهود وزارتي العدل والإسكان لتقليل أعداد القضايا المنظورة أمام المحاكم العامة، وتسريع إجراءات استعادة الحقوق في النزاعات الإيجارية، إذ يتيح العقد الموحد خدمة التقدم بطلب تنفيذ إلكترونياً عبر بوابة وزارة العدل، ما يختصر الوقت والجهد على أطراف العلاقة الإيجارية.
من جانبه أوضح المستشار العقاري خالد شاكر المبيض لـ«عكاظ» أن العقد السكني يعد عقد إذعان تنظيمي في منصة «إيجار»، يُلزم الطرفين بنموذج موحّد معتمد من وزارتي العدل والبلديات، ويُعتبر سنداً تنفيذياً بصيغته المعتمدة حتى في حال إضافة شروط خاصة طالما لم تخالف النظام.
وأضاف المبيض: «أما العقود التجارية، فهي بطبيعتها تخضع لحرية التفاوض والاتفاق بين الأطراف، وإضافة أي شرط خاص قد يغيّر من جوهر العقد أو يخلق التباساً في تفسيره، ما يجعله خارج نطاق الصيغة التنفيذية ما لم يتم توثيقه بسند تنفيذي مستقل كالإقرارات أو الصكوك».
وأشار المبيض إلى أن أبرز المخاطر تتعلق بإمكانية الطعن على العقد لعدم وضوح الشروط أو تعارضها مع الأنظمة، مما يُفقد العقد صفته سنداً تنفيذيّاً، وبالتالي يُحرم المؤجر من التوجه مباشرة للتنفيذ القضائي دون إقامة دعوى موضوعية.
ولفت في حديثه إلى أنه لا يُشترط تجنّب الشروط تماماً، لكن يُنصح بأن تكون مكتوبة بصيغة واضحة وغير قابلة للتأويل، وغير مخالفة للأنظمة، مع توثيق أي شروط خاصة بصك مستقل أو إقرار قضائي لضمان استمرار صفة السند التنفيذي للعقد.
كادر ///
آل مرعي لـ«عكاظ»: لا توقّع على العقود دون مختص قانوني
أوضح الخبير العقاري سلطان آل مرعي لـ«عكاظ» أن التمييز بين العقود السكنية والتجارية ينبع من التنظيم القانوني الذي منح العقود السكنية صفة السند التنفيذي بشكل مباشر بموجب أحكام لائحة نظام «إيجار»، حتى مع وجود شروط إضافية طالما لم تُخل بجوهر العقد.
وأضاف آل مرعي: «أما العقود التجارية، فالوضع يختلف تماماً، إذ يُشترط فيها التقيّد الكامل بالنموذج المعتمد دون تعديلات جوهرية، وإلا فقدت صفة السند التنفيذي، وذلك لحماية التوازن في العلاقة التعاقدية بين الأطراف التجارية التي غالباً ما تكون أكثر تعقيداً وتفاوتاً في القوة التفاوضية».
وأكد أن أهم المخاطر تكمن في فقدان الصفة التنفيذية للعقد، مما يُجبر الطرف المتضرر على اللجوء إلى القضاء العادي لاستيفاء حقوقه بدلاً من التنفيذ المباشر عبر محاكم التنفيذ.
وبيّن أنه لا مانع من إضافة شروط تنظيمية غير جوهرية في العقود التجارية، مثل تحديد وسيلة التواصل أو آلية تسليم الفواتير، لكن يجب تجنّب الشروط التي تعدّل جوهر العلاقة أو التزامات الإيجار الأساسية.
وأوضح أن هناك حاجة لتطوير النظام بحيث يُمنح قدر من المرونة للعقود التجارية، عبر اعتماد نماذج متعددة أو إضافة ملاحق رسمية تتيح شروطاً مقننة ومعتمدة دون المساس بصفة السند التنفيذي، خصوصاً في ظل التوسع في أنواع الأنشطة التجارية وتعقيداتها.
واختتم آل مرعي «ننصح دائماً بعدم التوقيع على أي شروط خاصة إلا بعد مراجعتها قانونياً من مختص، لضمان عدم تأثيرها على قوة العقد، وفي العقود التجارية، يُفضّل إدراج الشروط في ملاحق خارجية لا تُعد جزءاً من العقد التنفيذي إن لزم الأمر».
«منصة إيجار»: التعديل والإضافة على العقود التجارية يفقدانها «القوة التنفيذية».. والعقد السكني «محمي»
19 يوليو 2025 - 18:15
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آخر تحديث 19 يوليو 2025 - 18:15
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
محمد بن مفلح (الرياض) @M_MUFLIHH
The "Ejar" network, affiliated with the Ministry of Municipalities and Housing, has warned about the dangers of adding or modifying any clauses in a commercial lease contract, emphasizing that this could strip the "contract" of its enforceable status in courts and hinder the swift collection of rights for the parties involved in the lease relationship.
A knowledgeable source at the "Ejar platform" told "Okaz" that all "residential lease" contracts concluded through the network are considered enforceable documents even if special conditions are added, as long as these conditions do not contradict the fundamental terms of the contract or change its nature. This allows the landlord to go directly to execution courts to recover their financial rights or request eviction of the property if the tenant fails to pay the rent, without the need to file a lawsuit or attend lengthy sessions as was previously the case.
The source pointed out that "commercial contracts" differ in this regard, as adding any new conditions or clauses to commercial contracts strips them of their enforceable status, turning them into ordinary contracts that require filing a lawsuit in courts to resolve disputes.
The source stated: These contracts and their regulations are part of the efforts of the Ministries of Justice and Housing to reduce the number of cases being heard in general courts and to expedite the procedures for recovering rights in lease disputes. The unified contract allows for the electronic submission of execution requests through the Ministry of Justice's portal, which saves time and effort for the parties involved in the lease relationship.
For his part, real estate consultant Khaled Shakir Al-Mubayyid explained to "Okaz" that the residential contract is considered a regulatory adhesion contract on the "Ejar" platform, obligating both parties to a unified model approved by the Ministries of Justice and Municipalities, and it is considered an enforceable document in its approved form even if special conditions are added, as long as they do not violate the regulations.
Al-Mubayyid added: "As for commercial contracts, they are inherently subject to the freedom of negotiation and agreement between the parties, and adding any special condition may change the essence of the contract or create ambiguity in its interpretation, making it outside the scope of the enforceable form unless it is documented with an independent enforceable document such as acknowledgments or deeds."
Al-Mubayyid pointed out that the main risks relate to the possibility of challenging the contract due to unclear conditions or conflicts with regulations, which strips the contract of its enforceable status, thus depriving the landlord of the ability to go directly to judicial enforcement without filing a substantive lawsuit.
He noted in his remarks that it is not necessary to completely avoid conditions, but it is advisable that they be written in a clear and unambiguous manner, and not in violation of regulations, with any special conditions documented in an independent deed or judicial acknowledgment to ensure the continued enforceable status of the contract.
Team ///
Al-Murri to "Okaz": Do not sign contracts without a legal specialist
Real estate expert Sultan Al-Murri explained to "Okaz" that the distinction between residential and commercial contracts stems from the legal regulation that grants residential contracts the status of enforceable documents directly under the provisions of the "Ejar" system regulations, even with additional conditions as long as they do not undermine the essence of the contract.
Al-Murri added: "As for commercial contracts, the situation is completely different, as they require full adherence to the approved model without substantial modifications; otherwise, they lose their enforceable status, in order to protect the balance in the contractual relationship between commercial parties, which are often more complex and varied in negotiation power."
He emphasized that the main risks lie in losing the enforceable status of the contract, which forces the aggrieved party to resort to ordinary courts to recover their rights instead of direct enforcement through execution courts.
He indicated that there is no objection to adding non-essential regulatory conditions in commercial contracts, such as specifying a means of communication or the mechanism for delivering invoices, but conditions that alter the essence of the relationship or the basic lease obligations should be avoided.
He clarified that there is a need to develop the system to grant a degree of flexibility to commercial contracts by adopting multiple models or adding official appendices that allow for regulated and approved conditions without affecting the enforceable status, especially in light of the expansion of types of commercial activities and their complexities.
Al-Murri concluded, "We always advise against signing any special conditions without legal review by a specialist, to ensure they do not affect the strength of the contract, and in commercial contracts, it is preferable to include conditions in external appendices that are not considered part of the enforceable contract if necessary."
A knowledgeable source at the "Ejar platform" told "Okaz" that all "residential lease" contracts concluded through the network are considered enforceable documents even if special conditions are added, as long as these conditions do not contradict the fundamental terms of the contract or change its nature. This allows the landlord to go directly to execution courts to recover their financial rights or request eviction of the property if the tenant fails to pay the rent, without the need to file a lawsuit or attend lengthy sessions as was previously the case.
The source pointed out that "commercial contracts" differ in this regard, as adding any new conditions or clauses to commercial contracts strips them of their enforceable status, turning them into ordinary contracts that require filing a lawsuit in courts to resolve disputes.
The source stated: These contracts and their regulations are part of the efforts of the Ministries of Justice and Housing to reduce the number of cases being heard in general courts and to expedite the procedures for recovering rights in lease disputes. The unified contract allows for the electronic submission of execution requests through the Ministry of Justice's portal, which saves time and effort for the parties involved in the lease relationship.
For his part, real estate consultant Khaled Shakir Al-Mubayyid explained to "Okaz" that the residential contract is considered a regulatory adhesion contract on the "Ejar" platform, obligating both parties to a unified model approved by the Ministries of Justice and Municipalities, and it is considered an enforceable document in its approved form even if special conditions are added, as long as they do not violate the regulations.
Al-Mubayyid added: "As for commercial contracts, they are inherently subject to the freedom of negotiation and agreement between the parties, and adding any special condition may change the essence of the contract or create ambiguity in its interpretation, making it outside the scope of the enforceable form unless it is documented with an independent enforceable document such as acknowledgments or deeds."
Al-Mubayyid pointed out that the main risks relate to the possibility of challenging the contract due to unclear conditions or conflicts with regulations, which strips the contract of its enforceable status, thus depriving the landlord of the ability to go directly to judicial enforcement without filing a substantive lawsuit.
He noted in his remarks that it is not necessary to completely avoid conditions, but it is advisable that they be written in a clear and unambiguous manner, and not in violation of regulations, with any special conditions documented in an independent deed or judicial acknowledgment to ensure the continued enforceable status of the contract.
Team ///
Al-Murri to "Okaz": Do not sign contracts without a legal specialist
Real estate expert Sultan Al-Murri explained to "Okaz" that the distinction between residential and commercial contracts stems from the legal regulation that grants residential contracts the status of enforceable documents directly under the provisions of the "Ejar" system regulations, even with additional conditions as long as they do not undermine the essence of the contract.
Al-Murri added: "As for commercial contracts, the situation is completely different, as they require full adherence to the approved model without substantial modifications; otherwise, they lose their enforceable status, in order to protect the balance in the contractual relationship between commercial parties, which are often more complex and varied in negotiation power."
He emphasized that the main risks lie in losing the enforceable status of the contract, which forces the aggrieved party to resort to ordinary courts to recover their rights instead of direct enforcement through execution courts.
He indicated that there is no objection to adding non-essential regulatory conditions in commercial contracts, such as specifying a means of communication or the mechanism for delivering invoices, but conditions that alter the essence of the relationship or the basic lease obligations should be avoided.
He clarified that there is a need to develop the system to grant a degree of flexibility to commercial contracts by adopting multiple models or adding official appendices that allow for regulated and approved conditions without affecting the enforceable status, especially in light of the expansion of types of commercial activities and their complexities.
Al-Murri concluded, "We always advise against signing any special conditions without legal review by a specialist, to ensure they do not affect the strength of the contract, and in commercial contracts, it is preferable to include conditions in external appendices that are not considered part of the enforceable contract if necessary."