يبدو أن إعلان رجل الأعمال الأمريكي إيلون ماسك عزمه إنشاء حزب سياسي جديد باسم «ذا أميركان بارتي»، لاقى تأييداً كبيراً على منصة «إكس» بعد دعم نحو 80 % من المستخدمين الأمريكيين.
وفي إطار «الحرب الكلامية» مع الرئيس الأمريكي دونالد ترمب، نشر ماسك استطلاعاً على منصة إكس سأل فيه المستخدمين عما إذا كانت الولايات المتحدة بحاجة إلى «حزب سياسي جديد يمثل الغالبية الصامتة»، وفق تعبيره.
وجاءت النتيجة أن 80 % من المشاركين قالوا «نعم»، ما دفعه إلى التلميح بإطلاق الحزب الجديد.
وحتى الآن، لم يعلن الملياردرير ماسك رسمياً تأسيس الحزب، إلا أنه ألمح إليه مراراً كرد فعل على انزعاجه من كل من الحزبين الجمهوري والديمقراطي.
وحسب منشوراته، يهدف الحزب إلى تمثيل 80% من الأمريكيين الوسطيين الذين لا يشعرون بالانتماء إلى التيارات السياسية الحالية. واقترح أن يطلق عليه اسم «The America Party».
وبالرجوع إلى الدستور الأمريكي، فإنه لا يذكر الأحزاب السياسية بشكل مباشر، إلا أنه لا يمنع على الإطلاق إنشاء أحزاب جديدة. وسمح الدستور بحرية تشكيل الأحزاب استناداً إلى التعديل الأول (First Amendment) الذي ينص على: «لا يَسُنّ الكونغرس قانونًا يُقيّد حرية التعبير، أو حرية الصحافة، أو حق الناس في التجمع السلمي، وتقديم التماس إلى الحكومة لإنصاف المظالم»، وفق موقع «National Archives».
وأقرت المحكمة العليا الأمريكية مراراً أن الحق في تكوين الأحزاب السياسية كجزء من حرية التعبير والتجمع، بحسب موقع «Legal Informaion Institute».
ولا يوجد قانون فيدرالي موحد لإنشاء حزب سياسي، بل يتم ذلك عبر قوانين الولايات. وعلى سبيل المثال: إجراءات تسجيل الأحزاب السياسية في ولاية كاليفورنيا أو نيويورك تختلف من حيث عدد التواقيع المطلوبة وموعد التسجيل والنسبة المطلوبة من الأصوات في الانتخابات السابقة.
ورغم هيمنة الحزبين الجمهوري والديمقراطي، لا يوجد ما يمنع دستورياً من إنشاء حزب ثالث أو رابع، وتاريخياً، ظهرت أحزاب مثل: الحزب الليبرتاري (Libertarian Party) والحزب الأخضر (Green Party) وحزب الإصلاح (Reform Party).
بعد دعم 80 % من المستخدمين الأمريكيين
هل يسمح الدستور لـ«ماسك» بتكون حزب سياسي؟
7 يونيو 2025 - 16:35
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آخر تحديث 7 يونيو 2025 - 16:35
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
«عكاظ» (واشنطن) okaz_online@
It seems that the announcement by American businessman Elon Musk of his intention to establish a new political party called "The American Party" has received significant support on the platform "X," with about 80% of American users backing it.
In the context of the "war of words" with President Donald Trump, Musk posted a poll on the X platform asking users whether the United States needs "a new political party that represents the silent majority," as he put it.
The result was that 80% of participants answered "yes," prompting him to hint at launching the new party.
So far, billionaire Musk has not officially announced the establishment of the party, but he has repeatedly hinted at it in response to his frustration with both the Republican and Democratic parties.
According to his posts, the party aims to represent 80% of moderate Americans who do not feel aligned with the current political currents. He suggested it could be called "The America Party."
Referring to the U.S. Constitution, it does not directly mention political parties, but it does not prohibit the establishment of new parties at all. The Constitution allows for the freedom to form parties based on the First Amendment, which states: "Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances," according to the "National Archives" website.
The U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly recognized the right to form political parties as part of the freedom of speech and assembly, according to the "Legal Information Institute" website.
There is no unified federal law for establishing a political party; this is done through state laws. For example, the procedures for registering political parties in California or New York differ in terms of the number of signatures required, the registration deadline, and the percentage of votes needed in previous elections.
Despite the dominance of the Republican and Democratic parties, there is nothing constitutionally preventing the establishment of a third or fourth party. Historically, parties such as the Libertarian Party, the Green Party, and the Reform Party have emerged.
In the context of the "war of words" with President Donald Trump, Musk posted a poll on the X platform asking users whether the United States needs "a new political party that represents the silent majority," as he put it.
The result was that 80% of participants answered "yes," prompting him to hint at launching the new party.
So far, billionaire Musk has not officially announced the establishment of the party, but he has repeatedly hinted at it in response to his frustration with both the Republican and Democratic parties.
According to his posts, the party aims to represent 80% of moderate Americans who do not feel aligned with the current political currents. He suggested it could be called "The America Party."
Referring to the U.S. Constitution, it does not directly mention political parties, but it does not prohibit the establishment of new parties at all. The Constitution allows for the freedom to form parties based on the First Amendment, which states: "Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances," according to the "National Archives" website.
The U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly recognized the right to form political parties as part of the freedom of speech and assembly, according to the "Legal Information Institute" website.
There is no unified federal law for establishing a political party; this is done through state laws. For example, the procedures for registering political parties in California or New York differ in terms of the number of signatures required, the registration deadline, and the percentage of votes needed in previous elections.
Despite the dominance of the Republican and Democratic parties, there is nothing constitutionally preventing the establishment of a third or fourth party. Historically, parties such as the Libertarian Party, the Green Party, and the Reform Party have emerged.