سجل الاقتصاد الأمريكي نمواً بوتيرة سنوية مفاجئة بلغت 3% خلال الربع الثاني من عام 2025 (من أبريل إلى يونيو الماضيين)، محققاً انتعاشاً، ولو مؤقتاً، بعد تراجعه في الربع الأول من هذا العام نتيجة الاضطرابات الناجمة عن الحروب التجارية.
وقالت وزارة التجارة الأمريكية، اليوم: «إن الناتج المحلي الإجمالي للولايات المتحدة -وهو مقياس لإجمالي السلع والخدمات التي تنتجها البلاد- تعافى بعد أن كان قد انكمش بنسبة 0.5% خلال الربع الأول من عام 2025».
وقد نتج التراجع في الربع الأول من العام بشكل رئيسي عن الارتفاع الكبير في الواردات -التي تُخصم من الناتج المحلي الإجمالي- وذلك في ظل مسارعة الشركات لاستيراد السلع الأجنبية قبل بدء تطبيق رسوم ترمب الجمركية.
وارتفع الدولار لأعلى مستوى في شهر بعد صدور هذه البيانات.
يأتي ذلك فيما دعا الرئيس الأمريكي دونالد ترمب مجدداً، مجلس الاحتياطي الفيدرالي (البنك المركزي) إلى خفض أسعار الفائدة القياسية على الفور بعد أن أظهرت بيانات انتعاش النمو الاقتصادي الأمريكي بأكثر من المتوقع في الربع الثاني.
وكتب ترمب على منصة تروث سوشيال: «بينما يستعد البنك المركزي لإصدار قراره بشأن السياسة النقدية الناتج المحلي الإجمالي للربع الثاني صدر للتو، 3%، وهو أفضل بكثير من المتوقع، وبعد فوات الأوان يجب الآن خفض سعر الفائدة، لا تضخم دعوا الناس يشترون منازلهم ويسددون ثمنها».
وجاءت مطالبة ترمب قبل ساعات من إعلان «الفيدرالي» قراره بشأن الفائدة، بينما تترقب الأسواق اليوم، القرار وسط إجماع من المحللين بإبقاء معدلات الفائدة دون تغيير ضمن النطاق الحالي البالغ 4.25% إلى 4.5%، في ظل استمرار التوجه نحو تجنّب خفض الفائدة في الوقت الراهن.
ورغم هذا التوجه، تبرز احتمالات معارضة داخلية نادرة، إذ من المتوقع أن يعارض عضوا الفيدرالي كريستوفر والر وميشيل بومان قرار التثبيت، وفي حال تمسّكا بموقفهما الداعم لخفض الفائدة، فستكون هذه أول معارضة مزدوجة داخل لجنة السياسة النقدية منذ عام 1993.
ويُعد اجتماع اليوم، الأول من نوعه منذ زيارة ترمب إلى موقع بناء المقر الجديد للفيدرالي، وهي الزيارة التي أثارت جدلاً بشأن التجاوزات في التكاليف، إلى جانب تصاعد الضغط على جيروم باول لاتخاذ خطوات نحو خفض الفائدة.
ورغم تمسك باول بموقفه، بدأ بعض أعضاء الفيدرالي في الميل نحو موقف ترمب. فقد لمّح محافظ الفيدرالي كريستوفر والر إلى إمكانية معارضته العلنية لقرار التثبيت، معتبراً أن تأثير الرسوم الجمركية التي فرضها ترمب على التضخم سيكون مؤقتاً، وأن سوق العمل قد تتدهور قريباً.
بوتيرة مفاجئة.. 3% نمو لاقتصاد أمريكا
30 يوليو 2025 - 19:51
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آخر تحديث 30 يوليو 2025 - 19:51
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
«عكاظ» (واشنطن)
The U.S. economy recorded a surprising annual growth rate of 3% during the second quarter of 2025 (from April to June), achieving a recovery, albeit temporary, after a decline in the first quarter of this year due to disruptions caused by trade wars.
The U.S. Department of Commerce stated today: "The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the United States - a measure of the total goods and services produced by the country - has recovered after contracting by 0.5% during the first quarter of 2025."
The decline in the first quarter of the year was primarily due to a significant rise in imports - which are deducted from GDP - as companies rushed to import foreign goods before the implementation of Trump's tariffs.
The dollar rose to its highest level in a month following the release of this data.
This comes as U.S. President Donald Trump once again urged the Federal Reserve (the central bank) to immediately cut the benchmark interest rates after data showed that U.S. economic growth rebounded more than expected in the second quarter.
Trump wrote on Truth Social: "As the central bank prepares to issue its decision on monetary policy, the GDP for the second quarter has just been released, 3%, which is much better than expected, and it's too late now to lower the interest rate, no inflation, let people buy their homes and pay for them."
Trump's demand came just hours before the "Fed" announced its decision on interest rates, while markets are awaiting the decision today, with analysts widely agreeing to keep interest rates unchanged within the current range of 4.25% to 4.5%, as the trend continues to avoid lowering rates at this time.
Despite this trend, rare internal opposition possibilities are emerging, as Federal Reserve members Christopher Waller and Michelle Bowman are expected to oppose the decision to maintain rates. If they stick to their position supporting a rate cut, it would be the first dual opposition within the monetary policy committee since 1993.
Today’s meeting is the first of its kind since Trump visited the construction site of the Fed's new headquarters, a visit that sparked controversy over cost overruns, alongside increasing pressure on Jerome Powell to take steps towards lowering rates.
Despite Powell's steadfast position, some Fed members have begun to lean towards Trump's stance. Federal Reserve Governor Christopher Waller hinted at the possibility of his public opposition to the decision to maintain rates, considering that the impact of the tariffs imposed by Trump on inflation will be temporary, and that the labor market may deteriorate soon.
The U.S. Department of Commerce stated today: "The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the United States - a measure of the total goods and services produced by the country - has recovered after contracting by 0.5% during the first quarter of 2025."
The decline in the first quarter of the year was primarily due to a significant rise in imports - which are deducted from GDP - as companies rushed to import foreign goods before the implementation of Trump's tariffs.
The dollar rose to its highest level in a month following the release of this data.
This comes as U.S. President Donald Trump once again urged the Federal Reserve (the central bank) to immediately cut the benchmark interest rates after data showed that U.S. economic growth rebounded more than expected in the second quarter.
Trump wrote on Truth Social: "As the central bank prepares to issue its decision on monetary policy, the GDP for the second quarter has just been released, 3%, which is much better than expected, and it's too late now to lower the interest rate, no inflation, let people buy their homes and pay for them."
Trump's demand came just hours before the "Fed" announced its decision on interest rates, while markets are awaiting the decision today, with analysts widely agreeing to keep interest rates unchanged within the current range of 4.25% to 4.5%, as the trend continues to avoid lowering rates at this time.
Despite this trend, rare internal opposition possibilities are emerging, as Federal Reserve members Christopher Waller and Michelle Bowman are expected to oppose the decision to maintain rates. If they stick to their position supporting a rate cut, it would be the first dual opposition within the monetary policy committee since 1993.
Today’s meeting is the first of its kind since Trump visited the construction site of the Fed's new headquarters, a visit that sparked controversy over cost overruns, alongside increasing pressure on Jerome Powell to take steps towards lowering rates.
Despite Powell's steadfast position, some Fed members have begun to lean towards Trump's stance. Federal Reserve Governor Christopher Waller hinted at the possibility of his public opposition to the decision to maintain rates, considering that the impact of the tariffs imposed by Trump on inflation will be temporary, and that the labor market may deteriorate soon.
