سؤال يبدو غريباً ومثيراً، فأول ما يخطر على البال؛ أن المملكة لا تصدّر المياه، ولكن المقصود «التصدير غير المباشر».
لقد أصبحت بلادنا بفضل الله ثم بفضل قيادتنا الرشيدة من أفضل الدول تقدماً في مجالات عدة لا يمكن حصرها في عجالة، وقطعنا شوطاً كبيراً في تحقيق أهداف «رؤية 2030» في تنويع مصادر الدخل وتقليل الاعتماد على النفط.
تمضي المملكة بخطى حثيثة ومتسارعة نحو المزيد من التطور والنمو في شتى المجالات، إلا أن هناك بعض الجوانب المهمة في القطاع الزراعي تحتاج من الجهات المعنية إلى المزيد من الاهتمام بما يتوافق مع أهميتها وانعكاس تأثيرها، ومنها موضوع المياه، حيث تستهلك الزراعة لدينا ما يقارب 80% من المياه، وتعتمد على مصادر المياه غير المتجددة، ورغم القرارات التي اتخذتها وزارة البيئة والمياه والزراعة في تقليص زراعة الأعلاف الخضراء التي تعد من الأصناف عالية الاستهلاك، وقبلها بسنوات عندما كنا نزرع القمح بكميات كبيرة لدرجة أننا وصلنا للاكتفاء الذاتي، إلا إنه بعد أن تبين لبعض المختصين أن هناك حاجة للحفاظ على المياه، تم إيقافه تماماً على الرغم من كونه سلعة إستراتيجية.
وبعدها تم التوسع بزراعة النخيل التي وصلت حسب تقديرات الوزارة إلى 37 مليون نخلة (منها أكثر من سبعة ملايين نخلة تقريباً لا يستفاد منها)، وحسب الأرقام المعلنة من الوزارة؛ وصلت كمية التمور المصدر إلى (350 ألف طن) من التمور، فإذا علمنا أن التمرة الواحدة حتى قطافها تستهلك ما يقارب (12 لتراً) من الماء، فهذا يعني أن هذه الكمية المصدرة فقط تستهلك ما يزيد على (210 ملايين متر مكعب) من الماء سنوياً؛ ما يعني أن المملكة صدرت هذا الرقم من المياه للخارج.
للأسف في الوقت الحالي تُصدر كميات كبيرة من المياه بطريقة غير مباشرة عن طريق تصدير منتجات زراعية وحيوانية؛ أي أن تكلفة هذه المنتجات أعلى من العوائد المحققة من تصديرها، كما أن منح الفرص للمستثمرين الأجانب للزراعة في المملكة يشكل هو الآخر تصديراً غير مباشر للمياه، فهؤلاء المستثمرون يهدفون في الغالب إلى تصدير منتجاتهم للخارج، وهذا كله يمثّل تصديراً للمياه بطريقة غير مباشرة، كما أن كل لتر يتم تصديره من منتجات الحليب ومشتقاتها يستهلك أكثر من (200 لتر) ماء، وهكذا فإن تصدير المنتجات التي تستهلك كمية مياه كبيرة قبل تصديرها يعدّ هدراً لمياهنا غير المتجددة، وهذا التوجه يبدو أنه غير منسجم مع جهود ترشيد المياه في القطاع الزراعي.
ختاماً
آمل أنني وُفقت في إلقاء الضوء على العلاقة بين الإنتاج الزراعي وبين توجّه المملكة لضبط وترشيد المياه، بما يخدم المصلحة الوطنية ويحقق مستهدفات «رؤية 2030».
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
د. محمد بن عبدالله القرعاوي
أستاذ جامعي مختص بالزراعة ومهتم بالبيئة
A question that seems strange and intriguing; the first thing that comes to mind is that the Kingdom does not export water, but what is meant is "indirect export."
Thanks to God and then to our wise leadership, our country has become one of the best countries in progress in various fields that cannot be quickly summarized, and we have made significant strides in achieving the goals of "Vision 2030" in diversifying sources of income and reducing dependence on oil.
The Kingdom is moving steadily and rapidly towards further development and growth in various fields; however, there are some important aspects in the agricultural sector that require more attention from the relevant authorities in line with their significance and the reflection of their impact, including the issue of water. Agriculture in our country consumes nearly 80% of the water and relies on non-renewable water sources. Despite the decisions made by the Ministry of Environment, Water, and Agriculture to reduce the cultivation of green fodder, which is among the high-consumption crops, and years earlier when we were planting wheat in large quantities to the extent that we reached self-sufficiency, it was later determined by some specialists that there was a need to conserve water, leading to a complete halt of wheat cultivation despite it being a strategic commodity.
Subsequently, there was an expansion in the cultivation of date palms, which, according to ministry estimates, reached 37 million palms (of which more than seven million palms are not utilized). According to the figures announced by the ministry, the quantity of exported dates reached (350,000 tons). If we consider that a single date consumes approximately (12 liters) of water until it is harvested, this means that the exported quantity alone consumes more than (210 million cubic meters) of water annually; this indicates that the Kingdom has exported this amount of water abroad.
Unfortunately, at present, large quantities of water are being indirectly exported through the export of agricultural and animal products; that is, the cost of these products is higher than the returns achieved from their export. Additionally, granting opportunities to foreign investors for agriculture in the Kingdom also constitutes an indirect export of water, as these investors primarily aim to export their products abroad. All of this represents an indirect export of water, and every liter exported from dairy products and their derivatives consumes more than (200 liters) of water. Thus, exporting products that consume a large amount of water before their export is considered a waste of our non-renewable water, and this trend seems to be inconsistent with efforts to rationalize water in the agricultural sector.
In conclusion
I hope I have succeeded in shedding light on the relationship between agricultural production and the Kingdom's direction towards regulating and rationalizing water, in a way that serves the national interest and achieves the targets of "Vision 2030."
Thanks to God and then to our wise leadership, our country has become one of the best countries in progress in various fields that cannot be quickly summarized, and we have made significant strides in achieving the goals of "Vision 2030" in diversifying sources of income and reducing dependence on oil.
The Kingdom is moving steadily and rapidly towards further development and growth in various fields; however, there are some important aspects in the agricultural sector that require more attention from the relevant authorities in line with their significance and the reflection of their impact, including the issue of water. Agriculture in our country consumes nearly 80% of the water and relies on non-renewable water sources. Despite the decisions made by the Ministry of Environment, Water, and Agriculture to reduce the cultivation of green fodder, which is among the high-consumption crops, and years earlier when we were planting wheat in large quantities to the extent that we reached self-sufficiency, it was later determined by some specialists that there was a need to conserve water, leading to a complete halt of wheat cultivation despite it being a strategic commodity.
Subsequently, there was an expansion in the cultivation of date palms, which, according to ministry estimates, reached 37 million palms (of which more than seven million palms are not utilized). According to the figures announced by the ministry, the quantity of exported dates reached (350,000 tons). If we consider that a single date consumes approximately (12 liters) of water until it is harvested, this means that the exported quantity alone consumes more than (210 million cubic meters) of water annually; this indicates that the Kingdom has exported this amount of water abroad.
Unfortunately, at present, large quantities of water are being indirectly exported through the export of agricultural and animal products; that is, the cost of these products is higher than the returns achieved from their export. Additionally, granting opportunities to foreign investors for agriculture in the Kingdom also constitutes an indirect export of water, as these investors primarily aim to export their products abroad. All of this represents an indirect export of water, and every liter exported from dairy products and their derivatives consumes more than (200 liters) of water. Thus, exporting products that consume a large amount of water before their export is considered a waste of our non-renewable water, and this trend seems to be inconsistent with efforts to rationalize water in the agricultural sector.
In conclusion
I hope I have succeeded in shedding light on the relationship between agricultural production and the Kingdom's direction towards regulating and rationalizing water, in a way that serves the national interest and achieves the targets of "Vision 2030."


