منح المشرّع الهبة مكانة خاصة في الأنظمة، إدراكاً لدورها الإنساني في دعم التكافل العائلي، وتيسير انتقال السكن بين الأقارب من الدرجة الأولى بعيداً عن تعقيدات البيع والشراء. فالأب الذي يهب ابنه منزلاً، أو الأخ الذي يُعين أخته بمسكن، يمثل الوجه الأصيل للهبة؛ غرضها اجتماعي مشروع، يتناغم مع رغبة الدولة في تعزيز روابط الأسرة وتيسير الحياة الكريمة.
لكن ما تشهده السوق العقارية مؤخراً من موجات «هبات» ضخمة، تزامناً مع تطبيق رسوم الأراضي البيضاء، يطرح تساؤلات جادة حول مشروعية هذا الاستخدام. إذ لم تعد الهبة تقتصر على تلبية حاجات سكنية لأقارب مباشرين، بل اتسعت لتشمل نقل أراضٍ بمليارات الريالات، بعيداً عن إطار الورثة أو روابط القرابة الطبيعية. مثل هذه الممارسات لا تُجسّد روح الهبة، بل تُفرغ النظام من مضمونه، وتحوّل الرسوم إلى مجرد ورقة يمكن الالتفاف عليها.
خطر هذه الظاهرة أنها لا تُنتج حركة سوقية حقيقية، بل تشوّه المؤشرات العقارية بارتفاعات وهمية، وتُبقي الأراضي البيضاء مجمّدة بلا تطوير، في الوقت الذي تُوحي البيانات بوجود تداول نشط. هذا الانفصال بين الواقع والمؤشرات يضر بالمستثمر الجاد، ويُضعف ثقة السوق، والأخطر أنه يعيد إنتاج الاحتكار بوسائل شكلية، وهو ما يقوّض الهدف الإستراتيجي من النظام.
الحل لا يقتصر على منع التحايل الفردي، بل يتطلب معالجة شمولية؛ أولها إعادة ضبط تعريف الهبة بحيث لا تُسقط الالتزامات المالية والتنظيمية، بل تنتقل كاملة مع الأرض. وثانيها إخضاع الهبات الكبرى لنظام تتبع إلكتروني يكشف الأنماط غير الطبيعية ويُحد من استخدامها خارج سياقها المشروع. وثالثها تفعيل دور البنوك والجهات التمويلية كشريك رقابي، بحيث يُحرم من التسهيلات من يتهرب عبر الهبات الصورية. وأخيراً، فرض عقوبات متدرجة تصل إلى تجميد الأرض أو حرمان المالك من الامتيازات العقارية عند تكرار المخالفة.
إن معالجة ثغرة الهبات ليست تقييداً لحق اجتماعي أصيل، بل حماية لجوهر هذا الحق، وصيانة لغرض النظام الذي وُجد لتحقيقه؛ دفع السوق نحو التطوير لا التحايل. ولعل الدرس الأعمق أن الإصلاح الحقيقي لا يقف عند إصدار الأنظمة، بل يتجّدد بسد الثغرات ومواجهة الأساليب الملتوية بحزم، بما يضمن أن يبقى القطاع العقاري أداة تنمية واستدامة، لا مجالاً للتحايل أو الجمود.
فراس طرابلسي
الهبة بين المشروع والمصطنع.. قراءة في مشهد العقار
12 سبتمبر 2025 - 00:02
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آخر تحديث 12 سبتمبر 2025 - 00:02
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
The legislator has granted the gift a special status in the systems, recognizing its humanitarian role in supporting family solidarity and facilitating the transfer of housing among first-degree relatives, away from the complexities of buying and selling. A father who gifts his son a house, or a brother who provides his sister with housing, represents the true essence of the gift; its purpose is a legitimate social one, harmonizing with the state's desire to strengthen family ties and facilitate a decent life.
However, the recent waves of massive "gifts" in the real estate market, coinciding with the implementation of white land fees, raise serious questions about the legitimacy of this usage. The gift is no longer limited to meeting housing needs for direct relatives; it has expanded to include the transfer of lands worth billions of riyals, far removed from the framework of inheritance or natural kinship ties. Such practices do not embody the spirit of the gift but rather empty the system of its substance and turn the fees into just a paper that can be circumvented.
The danger of this phenomenon is that it does not produce a real market movement; instead, it distorts real estate indicators with fictitious increases, keeping white lands frozen without development, while data suggests there is active trading. This disconnection between reality and indicators harms serious investors, weakens market confidence, and, most dangerously, reproduces monopoly through formal means, undermining the strategic objective of the system.
The solution is not limited to preventing individual circumvention but requires a comprehensive approach; the first step is to redefine the gift so that it does not exempt financial and regulatory obligations but transfers them fully with the land. The second is to subject large gifts to an electronic tracking system that reveals unnatural patterns and limits their use outside their legitimate context. The third is to activate the role of banks and financing entities as a regulatory partner, so that those who evade through nominal gifts are denied facilities. Finally, imposing graduated penalties that reach up to freezing the land or depriving the owner of real estate privileges upon repeated violations.
Addressing the loophole of gifts is not a restriction on a legitimate social right, but a protection of the essence of this right and a safeguarding of the system's purpose that was established to achieve it; driving the market towards development, not circumvention. Perhaps the deeper lesson is that true reform does not stop at issuing regulations but is renewed by closing loopholes and confronting twisted methods decisively, ensuring that the real estate sector remains a tool for development and sustainability, not a field for evasion or stagnation.
However, the recent waves of massive "gifts" in the real estate market, coinciding with the implementation of white land fees, raise serious questions about the legitimacy of this usage. The gift is no longer limited to meeting housing needs for direct relatives; it has expanded to include the transfer of lands worth billions of riyals, far removed from the framework of inheritance or natural kinship ties. Such practices do not embody the spirit of the gift but rather empty the system of its substance and turn the fees into just a paper that can be circumvented.
The danger of this phenomenon is that it does not produce a real market movement; instead, it distorts real estate indicators with fictitious increases, keeping white lands frozen without development, while data suggests there is active trading. This disconnection between reality and indicators harms serious investors, weakens market confidence, and, most dangerously, reproduces monopoly through formal means, undermining the strategic objective of the system.
The solution is not limited to preventing individual circumvention but requires a comprehensive approach; the first step is to redefine the gift so that it does not exempt financial and regulatory obligations but transfers them fully with the land. The second is to subject large gifts to an electronic tracking system that reveals unnatural patterns and limits their use outside their legitimate context. The third is to activate the role of banks and financing entities as a regulatory partner, so that those who evade through nominal gifts are denied facilities. Finally, imposing graduated penalties that reach up to freezing the land or depriving the owner of real estate privileges upon repeated violations.
Addressing the loophole of gifts is not a restriction on a legitimate social right, but a protection of the essence of this right and a safeguarding of the system's purpose that was established to achieve it; driving the market towards development, not circumvention. Perhaps the deeper lesson is that true reform does not stop at issuing regulations but is renewed by closing loopholes and confronting twisted methods decisively, ensuring that the real estate sector remains a tool for development and sustainability, not a field for evasion or stagnation.


