الرحلة 65 ليست رقماً في جداول التشغيل، بل محطة فارقة في نقاش يتجدد حول السن الأنسب لتقاعد الطيّارين.
هذا الأسبوع، رفعت اليابان الحد الأدنى لسن تقاعد الطيارين المدنيين من 65 إلى 67 لمواجهة النقص في أعدادهم.
قد يبدو فارق العامين بسيطاً، لكنه يطرح أسئلة صعبة حول الجاهزية الصحية واللياقة الذهنية؛ في صناعةٍ تعظّم السلامة الجوية، وترصد عوامل الإرهاق وتعقيدات العصر اللاهث المشتّت.
السن النظامي (التقليدي) لتقاعد الطيارين في معظم دول العالم هو 65 عاماً، اعتماداً على المفاهيم الطبية لقدرات البشر كالحركة والتحليل وتأثر حواسهم كالسمع والنظر، غير أن التوسع الهائل في الطيران وتضاعف الرحلات والمسافرين، ودقة معايير تأهيل الكوادر، تجعل العالم يواجه مصاعب في نقص الكفاءات، ويخشى الخبراء أن يتحول النقص إلى عجز مؤثر.
في الولايات المتحدة، يضغط بعض المشرعين لرفع سن التقاعد إلى 67 عاماً بعد تقرير الكونغرس؛ الذي أشار إلى أن أكثر من 14 ألف طيار سيحالون للتقاعد خلال السنوات العشر القادمة.
وفي أستراليا وكندا سُمِح لبعض الطيارين بالاستمرار حتى سن 68 و70 بشرط اجتياز اختبارات طبية ونفسية دقيقة، قد يكون لجودة الحياة في البلدين وارتفاع متوسط العمر دور في ذلك.
المنظمة الدولية للطيران المدني «ICAO» أوصت بأن لا يتجاوز الطيار سن 65، مع اشتراط أن يكون بصحة جيدة وألا يكون قائداً للطائرة إذا وصل لهذا العمر، بل مساعداً فقط.
عبر تاريخ الطيران، ظل عمر الطيار عاملاً حساساً، بين شباب يشعر بالزهو ويميل للمغامرة، ورجال أكفاء أوقعتهم الثقة الزائدة في أخطاء كارثية، لكن الجيّد في الأمر أن تقارير السلامة العالمية تشير إلى أن نسبة الحوادث المرتبطة بعامل السن نادرة جداً، وأن الخبرة المتراكمة لدى الطيارين تعوّض جزئياً التراجع البدني والذهني.
في المقابل، يزداد النقص بشكل مقلق، فالعالم وفق التقديرات سيحتاج إلى 400 ألف طيار جديد خلال الـ15 سنة المقبلة، ومع النمو الكبير في الطلب على السفر الجوي، أصبح خيار تأجيل التقاعد أكثر إلحاحاً، لكنه مجرد عملية شراء وقت وليس حلاً حقيقياً للأزمة.
من أبرز التحديات التي تواجه قطاع الطيران اليوم هي التكلفة الباهظة لتدريب الطيارين، مع التسرّب الذي يحدث أحياناً، لذلك بدأت بعض الشركات الناقلة مثل «لوفتهانزا» و«يونايتد إيرلاينز» توجد حلولاً خاصة بها تمثلت في تأسيس أكاديميات طيران تابعة لها.
أيضاً، أصبح النقاش يدور حول خيارات مثل «التحول التدريجي إلى وجود طيار واحد فقط»، أو الاعتماد على الطيران الآلي في رحلات الشحن (أي بدون طيار).
لكن العائق الأكبر هو الثقة البشرية، فما زال الركاب حول العالم يفضّلون بشكل حاسم وجود اثنين من الطيارين في قمرة القيادة، مهما بلغ التطور ومهما بلغ سن الطيار.
الواقع أن الطيران (أكثر من أي قطاع آخر) يتطلب حسّاً دقيقاً للموازنة بين السلامة والجرأة في التجارب، بين الحاجة والإمكانات، ومع أن الخبرة تظل رصيدًا ثمينًا، فإن التوازن هو ما سيحسم مسار «الرحلة 65» في مستقبل الطيران.
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
Flight 65 is not just a number in operational schedules, but a pivotal point in an ongoing discussion about the appropriate age for pilots' retirement.
This week, Japan raised the minimum retirement age for civilian pilots from 65 to 67 to address the shortage in their numbers.
The two-year difference may seem minor, but it raises difficult questions about health readiness and mental fitness; in an industry that prioritizes aviation safety and monitors factors of fatigue and the complexities of a fast-paced, distracting era.
The standard (traditional) retirement age for pilots in most countries is 65 years, based on medical concepts regarding human capabilities such as movement, analysis, and the impact on their senses like hearing and sight. However, the massive expansion in aviation, the doubling of flights and travelers, and the precision of qualification standards for personnel are causing the world to face challenges in competency shortages, and experts fear that this shortage could turn into a significant deficiency.
In the United States, some lawmakers are pushing to raise the retirement age to 67 following a congressional report that indicated more than 14,000 pilots will retire in the next ten years.
In Australia and Canada, some pilots have been allowed to continue until the age of 68 and 70, provided they pass rigorous medical and psychological tests, which may be influenced by the quality of life in both countries and the rising average lifespan.
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommended that pilots should not exceed the age of 65, with the condition that they must be in good health and should not be the pilot-in-command if they reach this age, but only a co-pilot.
Throughout the history of aviation, a pilot's age has remained a sensitive factor, between youthful exuberance and a tendency for adventure, and competent men who have made catastrophic errors due to overconfidence. However, the good news is that global safety reports indicate that the rate of accidents related to age is very rare, and the accumulated experience of pilots partially compensates for physical and mental decline.
Conversely, the shortage is becoming alarmingly pronounced, as the world is projected to need 400,000 new pilots over the next 15 years. With the significant growth in demand for air travel, the option to delay retirement has become more urgent, but it is merely a time-buying measure and not a real solution to the crisis.
One of the most prominent challenges facing the aviation sector today is the exorbitant cost of training pilots, along with occasional attrition. Therefore, some airlines like Lufthansa and United Airlines have begun to establish their own flight academies as a solution.
Additionally, the discussion has shifted towards options such as "gradually transitioning to having only one pilot," or relying on automated flying for cargo flights (i.e., without a pilot).
However, the biggest barrier is human trust, as passengers around the world still decisively prefer having two pilots in the cockpit, regardless of advancements and the pilot's age.
The reality is that aviation (more than any other sector) requires a delicate balance between safety and the boldness of experimentation, between need and capability. While experience remains a valuable asset, it is the balance that will determine the course of "Flight 65" in the future of aviation.
This week, Japan raised the minimum retirement age for civilian pilots from 65 to 67 to address the shortage in their numbers.
The two-year difference may seem minor, but it raises difficult questions about health readiness and mental fitness; in an industry that prioritizes aviation safety and monitors factors of fatigue and the complexities of a fast-paced, distracting era.
The standard (traditional) retirement age for pilots in most countries is 65 years, based on medical concepts regarding human capabilities such as movement, analysis, and the impact on their senses like hearing and sight. However, the massive expansion in aviation, the doubling of flights and travelers, and the precision of qualification standards for personnel are causing the world to face challenges in competency shortages, and experts fear that this shortage could turn into a significant deficiency.
In the United States, some lawmakers are pushing to raise the retirement age to 67 following a congressional report that indicated more than 14,000 pilots will retire in the next ten years.
In Australia and Canada, some pilots have been allowed to continue until the age of 68 and 70, provided they pass rigorous medical and psychological tests, which may be influenced by the quality of life in both countries and the rising average lifespan.
The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) recommended that pilots should not exceed the age of 65, with the condition that they must be in good health and should not be the pilot-in-command if they reach this age, but only a co-pilot.
Throughout the history of aviation, a pilot's age has remained a sensitive factor, between youthful exuberance and a tendency for adventure, and competent men who have made catastrophic errors due to overconfidence. However, the good news is that global safety reports indicate that the rate of accidents related to age is very rare, and the accumulated experience of pilots partially compensates for physical and mental decline.
Conversely, the shortage is becoming alarmingly pronounced, as the world is projected to need 400,000 new pilots over the next 15 years. With the significant growth in demand for air travel, the option to delay retirement has become more urgent, but it is merely a time-buying measure and not a real solution to the crisis.
One of the most prominent challenges facing the aviation sector today is the exorbitant cost of training pilots, along with occasional attrition. Therefore, some airlines like Lufthansa and United Airlines have begun to establish their own flight academies as a solution.
Additionally, the discussion has shifted towards options such as "gradually transitioning to having only one pilot," or relying on automated flying for cargo flights (i.e., without a pilot).
However, the biggest barrier is human trust, as passengers around the world still decisively prefer having two pilots in the cockpit, regardless of advancements and the pilot's age.
The reality is that aviation (more than any other sector) requires a delicate balance between safety and the boldness of experimentation, between need and capability. While experience remains a valuable asset, it is the balance that will determine the course of "Flight 65" in the future of aviation.


