الشلل النصفي من الحالات العصبية المعقّدة التي تغيّر حياة المصاب بشكل جذري، إذ يفقد الشخص القدرة على تحريك أحد جانبي جسده كلياً أو جزئياً. ويتنوّع هذا النوع من الشلل بحسب درجة الإصابة؛ فقد يكون تاماً ويؤدي إلى فقدان كامل للحركة، أو جزئياً إذ تضعف العضلات دون فقدانها بالكامل. كما يظهر أحياناً بشكل تشنجي يترافق مع تيبّس عضلي، أو بشكل رخو لترتخي العضلات تماماً.
ورغم أن أغلب الاهتمام في حالات الشلل النصفي ينصبّ على الجانب الجسدي والتأهيلي، إلا أن البعد النفسي يظل عاملاً جوهرياً لا يمكن تجاهله. فالإصابة المفاجئة بشلل في نصف الجسد لا تمسّ العضلات فحسب، بل تهزّ البنية النفسية للمصاب، وتُحدث اضطراباً عميقاً في توازنه العاطفي والاجتماعي.
الشلل الناتج عن السكتة.. يعالج
استشاري جراحة المخ والاعصاب الدكتور عبدالهادي القحطاني يقول لـ«عكاظ»: «إن رحلة التشخيص تبدأ من العيادة، اذ يُجري الأطباء فحصاً سريرياً دقيقاً لتقييم قوة العضلات وردود الأفعال العصبية، ثم يُلجأ بعد ذلك إلى تقنيات التصوير المتقدمة مثل الأشعة المقطعية أو الرنين المغناطيسي للكشف عن مصدر الخلل في الدماغ أو العمود الفقري. وفي بعض الحالات، تُجرى تحاليل إضافية لتحديد الأسباب الكامنة وراء الشلل، مثل العدوى أو أمراض المناعة الذاتية».
وأضاف الدكتور القحطاني: إن السكتة الدماغية تعد السبب الأبرز وراء حدوث معظم حالات الشلل النصفي، تليها إصابات الدماغ الرضية، وأورام الجهاز العصبي، إضافة إلى أمراض مثل التصلب المتعدد والشلل الدماغي لدى الأطفال، لكن ورغم خطورة هذه الأسباب، فإن الإصابة لا تعني بالضرورة أن الشلل دائم. فبعض الحالات، خصوصاً الناتجة عن جلطات بسيطة أو مؤقتة، قد تشهد تحسناً كبيراً مع العلاج المناسب، فالعامل الفارق يكمن في سرعة التدخل الطبي وفعالية برامج التأهيل.
جلسات خاصة للنطق
طبيب العظام الدكتور عبدالرحمن الناصر، يرى أن العلاج لا يقتصر على الأدوية، بل يشمل منظومة متكاملة من الرعاية. فيبدأ بالعلاج الدوائي للسيطرة على الجلطات أو التشنجات، وقد يتوسع ليشمل التأهيل الحركي عبر جلسات العلاج الطبيعي والوظيفي. كما تُخصص جلسات للنطق في حال تأثرت القدرة على الكلام أو البلع، وقد يتطلب الأمر في بعض الحالات تدخلاً جراحياً. وتبرز أهمية الدعم النفسي والاجتماعي جزءاً لا يتجزأ من الخطة العلاجية، إذ يعاني كثير من المرضى من تغيرات نفسية حادة بعد الإصابة.
وأكد الدكتور الناصر أنه ورغم التحديات التي يحملها الشلل النصفي، إلا أن قصص النجاح التي تشهدها العيادات يومياً تؤكد أن الأمل لا يزال حاضراً. فهناك أطفال وُلدوا بإعاقات حركية وتمكنوا من دخول المدرسة والاعتماد على أنفسهم، ومرضى جلطات دماغية استعادوا توازنهم ومارسوا حياتهم من جديد، هناك قصص كثيرة تُثبت أن الإرادة البشرية، حين تتكامل مع الطب والدعم الأسري، قادرة على قلب المعادلة.
حزن مشروع واكتئاب سريري
استشارية الطب النفسي واختصاصية اضطرابات المزاج والقلق الدكتورة إيناس الثقفي، شددت على أنه في حال وجود طبيب نفسي منذ اللحظة الأولى للإصابة قد يكون فارقاً في مسار الشفاء، مؤكدة أن الصحة النفسية لا تقل أهمية عن الجسدية، وفي بعض الأحيان، تكون هي مفتاح التعافي الحقيقي.
ويظهر أثر الصدمة النفسية بوضوح عند المصابين الجدد، خصوصاً حين تترافق الإصابة مع مشاعر حادة من الإنكار أو الحزن أو حتى الانسحاب من المحيط. وتُعدّ هذه المرحلة حسّاسة، إذ قد يتطوّر الحزن المشروع إلى اكتئاب سريري يعيق التقدم في العلاج الجسدي. بعض المرضى يفقدون الرغبة في الخضوع للعلاج الطبيعي، أو يعزلون أنفسهم عن الحياة، ما يستوجب تدخلاً فورياً من فريق نفسي متخصص.
وفي مثل هذه الحالات، يصبح الدعم النفسي ضرورة علاجية لا ترفاً، بل عنصراً أساسياً في استعادة التوازن الداخلي وتحفيز الجسد على التقدّم. المعالجة النفسية تهدف إلى تعزيز القبول، وتقوية المرونة النفسية، ومساعدة المريض على بناء نظرة أكثر تفاؤلاً نحو المستقبل، حتى وإن تغيّر شكله.
تحدّثوا عن التعافي بلا توقف
الدكتورة الثقفي تضيف: لا يمكن الحديث عن التعافي دون التوقف عند دور العائلة، التي تمثّل حجر الأساس في دعم المصاب. فالدعم العاطفي اليومي، المتابعة في التمارين المنزلية، وملاحظة التغيرات النفسية، كلها عناصر حاسمة في تعزيز ثقة المصاب بنفسه. لكن هذا الدور لا يتحقّق عشوائياً، بل يحتاج إلى تأهيل وتوعية لذلك، تعمل بعض الفرق العلاجية على تقديم جلسات إرشادية لأفراد العائلة، تُشرح فيها طبيعة الحالة، وكيفية التفاعل معها، وأهمية توفير بيئة داعمة خالية من الشفقة الزائدة أو الضغط النفسي. كما يُشجَّع أفراد الأسرة على التعبير عن مشاعرهم والحصول على الدعم عند الحاجة؛ لأنهم أنفسهم يخوضون رحلة معقّدة من التكيف.
وفي النهاية، يظهر أن التعافي من الشلل النصفي لا يتحقق فقط من خلال الأدوية أو الجلسات العلاجية، بل يتطلب مقاربة شاملة تراعي الجسد كما النفس، وتُشرك المريض وعائلته في مسار طويل، لكنه ممكن، نحو الشفاء.
ناجون يروون حكاياتهم
أحمد عيسى (شاب في العشرينات) أصيب بشلل نصفي بعد حادثة سير، لكنه بفضل برنامج تأهيلي مكثّف، عاد يمشي بمساعدة دعامة، ويعمل حالياً مدرباً لمرضى مشابهين عانوا من ذات الشلل.
وفي قصة أخرى، لينا (طفلة) وُلدت بشلل دماغي نصفي، وخضعت لجلسات علاج طبيعي منذ عامها الأول، واليوم تذهب لمدرستها دون مساعدة، وتكتب بيدها المصابة، وتمارس حياتها بصورة طبيعية.
كما تعافت فتحية عبدالله (سيدة خمسينية) من جلطة دماغية سبّبت لها شللاً نصفياً، واستعادت قدرتها على الحركة تدريجياً بعد عام من الصبر والدعم العائلي والنفسي.
هذه النماذج تُثبت أن الطريق صعب، لكنه ليس مستحيلاً.
متعافون يروون لـ «عكاظ» حكايات نجاحاتهم.. وأطباء يكشفون أسرار المرض
نصف الشلل!
8 أغسطس 2025 - 15:24
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آخر تحديث 8 أغسطس 2025 - 15:24
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
ذكرى السلمي (جدة) Zekraalsolami@
Hemiplegia is one of the complex neurological conditions that drastically change the life of the affected individual, as the person loses the ability to move one side of their body completely or partially. This type of paralysis varies according to the degree of injury; it can be complete, resulting in total loss of movement, or partial, where the muscles weaken without being completely lost. It may also appear occasionally in a spastic form accompanied by muscle stiffness, or in a flaccid form where the muscles completely relax.
Although most of the focus in cases of hemiplegia is on the physical and rehabilitative aspects, the psychological dimension remains a crucial factor that cannot be ignored. The sudden onset of paralysis on one side of the body affects not only the muscles but also shakes the psychological structure of the patient, causing a profound disturbance in their emotional and social balance.
Paralysis resulting from a stroke... is treatable
Consultant neurosurgeon Dr. Abdulhadi Al-Qahtani says to "Okaz": "The journey of diagnosis begins in the clinic, where doctors conduct a thorough clinical examination to assess muscle strength and neurological reflexes. Advanced imaging techniques such as CT scans or MRIs are then used to identify the source of the problem in the brain or spinal cord. In some cases, additional tests are conducted to determine the underlying causes of the paralysis, such as infections or autoimmune diseases."
Dr. Al-Qahtani added that stroke is the most prominent cause of most cases of hemiplegia, followed by traumatic brain injuries, nervous system tumors, as well as diseases such as multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy in children. However, despite the seriousness of these causes, the injury does not necessarily mean that the paralysis is permanent. Some cases, especially those resulting from minor or temporary strokes, may witness significant improvement with appropriate treatment. The key factor lies in the speed of medical intervention and the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs.
Special sessions for speech
Orthopedic doctor Dr. Abdulrahman Al-Nasser believes that treatment is not limited to medications but includes a comprehensive system of care. It begins with medication to control strokes or spasms and may expand to include motor rehabilitation through physical and occupational therapy sessions. Speech therapy sessions are also designated if the ability to speak or swallow is affected, and in some cases, surgical intervention may be required. The importance of psychological and social support emerges as an integral part of the treatment plan, as many patients suffer from acute psychological changes after the injury.
Dr. Al-Nasser confirmed that despite the challenges posed by hemiplegia, the success stories witnessed in clinics daily affirm that hope is still present. There are children born with mobility disabilities who managed to enter school and become self-reliant, and stroke patients who regained their balance and resumed their lives. There are many stories that prove that human will, when combined with medicine and family support, can turn the tide.
Legitimate sadness and clinical depression
Psychiatrist and mood and anxiety disorders specialist Dr. Enas Al-Thaqafi emphasized that having a psychiatrist from the very first moment of the injury can make a difference in the healing process, asserting that mental health is no less important than physical health, and at times, it is the key to true recovery.
The impact of psychological trauma is clearly evident in new patients, especially when the injury is accompanied by intense feelings of denial, sadness, or even withdrawal from their surroundings. This phase is sensitive, as legitimate sadness may develop into clinical depression that hinders progress in physical treatment. Some patients lose the desire to undergo physical therapy or isolate themselves from life, necessitating immediate intervention from a specialized psychological team.
In such cases, psychological support becomes a therapeutic necessity, not a luxury, but an essential element in restoring internal balance and motivating the body to progress. Psychological therapy aims to enhance acceptance, strengthen psychological resilience, and help the patient build a more optimistic outlook on the future, even if its shape has changed.
Talk about recovery without stopping
Dr. Al-Thaqafi adds: It is impossible to talk about recovery without addressing the role of the family, which represents the cornerstone in supporting the patient. Daily emotional support, following up on home exercises, and observing psychological changes are all critical elements in enhancing the patient's self-confidence. However, this role cannot be achieved randomly; it requires training and awareness. Therefore, some therapeutic teams work on providing guidance sessions for family members, explaining the nature of the condition, how to interact with it, and the importance of providing a supportive environment free from excessive pity or psychological pressure. Family members are also encouraged to express their feelings and seek support when needed, as they themselves are undergoing a complex journey of adaptation.
In the end, it appears that recovery from hemiplegia is not achieved solely through medications or therapeutic sessions, but requires a comprehensive approach that considers both the body and the mind, and involves the patient and their family in a long, yet possible, journey towards healing.
Survivors share their stories
Ahmed Issa (a young man in his twenties) suffered from hemiplegia after a traffic accident, but thanks to an intensive rehabilitation program, he has returned to walking with the aid of a brace, and is currently working as a coach for similar patients who have experienced the same paralysis.
In another story, Lina (a girl) was born with hemiplegic cerebral palsy and has undergone physical therapy sessions since her first year. Today, she goes to school without assistance, writes with her affected hand, and lives her life normally.
Fatihah Abdullah (a woman in her fifties) also recovered from a stroke that caused her hemiplegia, gradually regaining her ability to move after a year of patience and family and psychological support.
These examples prove that the road is difficult, but not impossible.
Although most of the focus in cases of hemiplegia is on the physical and rehabilitative aspects, the psychological dimension remains a crucial factor that cannot be ignored. The sudden onset of paralysis on one side of the body affects not only the muscles but also shakes the psychological structure of the patient, causing a profound disturbance in their emotional and social balance.
Paralysis resulting from a stroke... is treatable
Consultant neurosurgeon Dr. Abdulhadi Al-Qahtani says to "Okaz": "The journey of diagnosis begins in the clinic, where doctors conduct a thorough clinical examination to assess muscle strength and neurological reflexes. Advanced imaging techniques such as CT scans or MRIs are then used to identify the source of the problem in the brain or spinal cord. In some cases, additional tests are conducted to determine the underlying causes of the paralysis, such as infections or autoimmune diseases."
Dr. Al-Qahtani added that stroke is the most prominent cause of most cases of hemiplegia, followed by traumatic brain injuries, nervous system tumors, as well as diseases such as multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy in children. However, despite the seriousness of these causes, the injury does not necessarily mean that the paralysis is permanent. Some cases, especially those resulting from minor or temporary strokes, may witness significant improvement with appropriate treatment. The key factor lies in the speed of medical intervention and the effectiveness of rehabilitation programs.
Special sessions for speech
Orthopedic doctor Dr. Abdulrahman Al-Nasser believes that treatment is not limited to medications but includes a comprehensive system of care. It begins with medication to control strokes or spasms and may expand to include motor rehabilitation through physical and occupational therapy sessions. Speech therapy sessions are also designated if the ability to speak or swallow is affected, and in some cases, surgical intervention may be required. The importance of psychological and social support emerges as an integral part of the treatment plan, as many patients suffer from acute psychological changes after the injury.
Dr. Al-Nasser confirmed that despite the challenges posed by hemiplegia, the success stories witnessed in clinics daily affirm that hope is still present. There are children born with mobility disabilities who managed to enter school and become self-reliant, and stroke patients who regained their balance and resumed their lives. There are many stories that prove that human will, when combined with medicine and family support, can turn the tide.
Legitimate sadness and clinical depression
Psychiatrist and mood and anxiety disorders specialist Dr. Enas Al-Thaqafi emphasized that having a psychiatrist from the very first moment of the injury can make a difference in the healing process, asserting that mental health is no less important than physical health, and at times, it is the key to true recovery.
The impact of psychological trauma is clearly evident in new patients, especially when the injury is accompanied by intense feelings of denial, sadness, or even withdrawal from their surroundings. This phase is sensitive, as legitimate sadness may develop into clinical depression that hinders progress in physical treatment. Some patients lose the desire to undergo physical therapy or isolate themselves from life, necessitating immediate intervention from a specialized psychological team.
In such cases, psychological support becomes a therapeutic necessity, not a luxury, but an essential element in restoring internal balance and motivating the body to progress. Psychological therapy aims to enhance acceptance, strengthen psychological resilience, and help the patient build a more optimistic outlook on the future, even if its shape has changed.
Talk about recovery without stopping
Dr. Al-Thaqafi adds: It is impossible to talk about recovery without addressing the role of the family, which represents the cornerstone in supporting the patient. Daily emotional support, following up on home exercises, and observing psychological changes are all critical elements in enhancing the patient's self-confidence. However, this role cannot be achieved randomly; it requires training and awareness. Therefore, some therapeutic teams work on providing guidance sessions for family members, explaining the nature of the condition, how to interact with it, and the importance of providing a supportive environment free from excessive pity or psychological pressure. Family members are also encouraged to express their feelings and seek support when needed, as they themselves are undergoing a complex journey of adaptation.
In the end, it appears that recovery from hemiplegia is not achieved solely through medications or therapeutic sessions, but requires a comprehensive approach that considers both the body and the mind, and involves the patient and their family in a long, yet possible, journey towards healing.
Survivors share their stories
Ahmed Issa (a young man in his twenties) suffered from hemiplegia after a traffic accident, but thanks to an intensive rehabilitation program, he has returned to walking with the aid of a brace, and is currently working as a coach for similar patients who have experienced the same paralysis.
In another story, Lina (a girl) was born with hemiplegic cerebral palsy and has undergone physical therapy sessions since her first year. Today, she goes to school without assistance, writes with her affected hand, and lives her life normally.
Fatihah Abdullah (a woman in her fifties) also recovered from a stroke that caused her hemiplegia, gradually regaining her ability to move after a year of patience and family and psychological support.
These examples prove that the road is difficult, but not impossible.