(تُقسم الفوائد الناتجة عن مالي إلى خمسة أجزاء متساوية تُمنح كجوائز سنوية لمن حقق أعظم إنجاز في الفيزياء، الكيمياء، الفسيولوجيا أو الطب، الأدب، والسلام)، هذا ما نصّت عليه وصية العالم السويدي ألفريد برنارد نوبل، التي كتبها في 1895.
وأضاف عليها وصفاً تفصيلياً للجائزة الخامسة المخصصة للسلام، حيث قال: (تمنح للشخص الذي بذل الجهد الأكبر أو الأفضل من أجل الأخوّة بين الأمم، إلغاء أو تقليص الجيوش، ونشر مؤتمرات السلام).
وجائزة نوبل للسلام هي عادة الأكثر مثاراً للجدل، خاصة أنها لا تخضع لمعايير علمية محدّدة مثل جوائز الفيزياء والكيمياء، ولكنها بطبيعة الحال تخضع لأربعة معايير رئيسية أهمها الجهد الفعلي الملموس كتوقيع اتفاق سلام أو نجاح وقف لإطلاق النار، ثم الاستمرارية وقدرتها على تحقيق أثر مستدام.
وعلى بعد أربعة أيام من إعلان اسم الفائز بجائزة نوبل للسلام، من المهم النظر إلى فرص فوز ترمب بالجائزة، فمن جانبها قدّمت بعض الدول ترشيحها لترمب مثل إسرائيل، وباكستان، وإن كان الطلب قُدّم بعد إغلاق فترة استقبال طلبات الترشح.
فمن ناحيته يرى أنه أسهم في خفض التوتر وإيقاف العديد من النزاعات خلال فترتيه، حيث قاد ثلاث قمم مع الرئيس الكوري الشمالي كيم جونغ أون بين عامي 2018 و2019، وأدّى ذلك حينها إلى خفض التوترات العسكرية بين الكوريتين، غير المسبوق منذ الخمسينات، وتوقف مؤقت للتجارب النووية لكوريا الشمالية.
ومن أهم إنجازاته التي يعوّل عليها هي اتفاقات أبراهام التي حققت السلام بين أربع دول عربية وإسرائيل، وهو المسار الذي يطمح إلى إكماله، وبطبيعة الحال تقف الممارسات والتصريحات الإسرائيلية حول حل الدولتين كحجر عثرة أمام ذلك.
بالإضافة إلى اتفاق الإدارة الأمريكية مع «طالبان» في الدوحة، والاتفاق بين صربيا وكوسوفو الذي فتح القنوات التجارية والدبلوماسية وإن لم يرتق إلى اتفاق سلام، ومن فترته الحالية يعتبر مسعاه لخفض التوترات بين باكستان والهند إحدى المبادرات التي جنّبت المنطقة ويلات كبيرة بين دولتين نوويتين.
ولكن في هذه الفترة تبقى معضلتان كبيرتان؛ الأولى هي الصراع بين روسيا وأوكرانيا، التي لم تشهد تقدّماً نحو وقف إطلاق النار رغم موجة التفاؤل التي أوحت بها قمة ألاسكا بين ترمب وبوتين، والتي عقدت منتصف أغسطس الماضي، وكثير من منتقدي الرئيس ترمب يشيرون إلى وعوده خلال الانتخابات في إيقاف هذه الحرب خلال 24 ساعة، التي كثيراً ما يسميها حرب بايدن.
المعضلة الأخرى هي بطبيعة الحال الصراع في غزة، وكذلك بعده الإقليمي، فقد استغل نتنياهو هدية السنوار ليقوم بالضرب في اليمن، ولبنان، وسوريا، بل وضرب إيران في معقلها، وهنا أيضاً يتمثل تحدٍ إضافي، فمن ناحية تعد المرة الأولى التي تشارك فيها القوات الأمريكية بشكل مباشر في عمل عسكري مع إسرائيل، ومن الجانب الآخر لم تنجح واشنطن في إقناع طهران منذ ذلك الحين بتوقيع اتفاق نووي جديد.
لكن أيضاً تأتي مبادرة ترمب لوقف إطلاق النار في غزة وإعادة الرهائن، وانسحاب القوات الإسرائيلية من القطاع كمنجز مهم، حيث يبدو للمرة الأولى وجود ضغط على الطرفين حماس وإسرائيل بشكل ينضج الحل، ويبقى تحدي استدامة الحل من عدمه، حتى لا يتكرر المشهد اللبناني، حيث وقع إيقاف إطلاق النار لكن لم يتم تسليم سلاح حزب الله للدولة بعد، ولا انسحاب القوات الإسرائيلية من النقاط الخمس.
لا تبدو فرص ترمب كبيرة للفوز هذا العام، رغم المنجزات التي تحققت خلال الفترتين، والخط الفاصل في منهجية اللجنة هو مدى تقييمها لمنجزات ترمب وهل هي صفقة سياسة أم تغيرات تفرز تحولاً إنسانياً مستداماً، وهو التفريق بين السلام الإيجابي والقيمي (Normative Peace)، والذي ينظر للسلام كحالة مستدامة من العدالة وليست محصورة في وقف الحرب فقط.
عبدالرحمن الطريري
هل سيحصل ترمب على نوبل للسلام ؟
5 أكتوبر 2025 - 23:51
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آخر تحديث 5 أكتوبر 2025 - 23:51
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
(The benefits resulting from my estate are divided into five equal parts awarded as annual prizes to those who have achieved the greatest accomplishments in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature, and peace), this is what the will of the Swedish scientist Alfred Bernhard Nobel stated, which he wrote in 1895.
He added a detailed description of the fifth prize designated for peace, stating: (It is awarded to the person who has made the greatest or best effort for brotherhood among nations, the abolition or reduction of armies, and the promotion of peace conferences).
The Nobel Peace Prize is usually the most controversial, especially since it does not adhere to specific scientific criteria like the physics and chemistry prizes, but it is naturally subject to four main criteria, the most important of which is tangible actual effort, such as signing a peace agreement or successfully achieving a ceasefire, followed by continuity and its ability to create a sustainable impact.
With just four days remaining until the announcement of the Nobel Peace Prize winner, it is important to consider the chances of Trump winning the prize. On one hand, some countries have nominated Trump, such as Israel and Pakistan, although the request was submitted after the nomination period had closed.
From his perspective, he believes he contributed to reducing tensions and stopping many conflicts during his terms, having led three summits with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un between 2018 and 2019, which at that time led to a reduction in military tensions between the Koreas, unprecedented since the 1950s, and a temporary halt to North Korean nuclear tests.
Among his most significant achievements is the Abraham Accords, which established peace between four Arab countries and Israel, a path he aspires to complete. Naturally, Israeli practices and statements regarding the two-state solution stand as a stumbling block to that.
In addition to the U.S. administration's agreement with the "Taliban" in Doha, and the agreement between Serbia and Kosovo that opened trade and diplomatic channels, even though it did not rise to the level of a peace agreement, during his current term, his efforts to reduce tensions between Pakistan and India are seen as one of the initiatives that spared the region great calamities between two nuclear states.
However, during this period, two major dilemmas remain; the first is the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which has not seen progress towards a ceasefire despite the wave of optimism suggested by the Alaska summit between Trump and Putin, held in mid-August, and many of Trump’s critics point to his promises during the elections to end this war within 24 hours, which he often refers to as Biden's war.
The other dilemma is, of course, the conflict in Gaza, as well as its regional ramifications. Netanyahu has exploited the gift of the "sunar" to strike in Yemen, Lebanon, and Syria, and even to hit Iran at its stronghold. Here, too, lies an additional challenge, as it is the first time American forces have directly participated in military action with Israel, while Washington has failed to convince Tehran since then to sign a new nuclear agreement.
Yet, Trump's initiative to achieve a ceasefire in Gaza and the return of hostages, along with the withdrawal of Israeli forces from the sector, is seen as an important achievement, as there seems to be pressure on both Hamas and Israel for the first time in a way that matures the solution. The challenge remains whether the solution will be sustainable or not, to avoid a repeat of the Lebanese scenario, where a ceasefire was established but Hezbollah's weapons have not yet been handed over to the state, nor have Israeli forces withdrawn from the five positions.
Trump's chances of winning this year do not seem great, despite the achievements made during his terms, and the dividing line in the committee's methodology is how it evaluates Trump's accomplishments and whether they represent a political deal or changes that result in a sustainable humanitarian transformation, which distinguishes between positive and normative peace, viewing peace as a sustainable state of justice and not merely confined to the cessation of war.
He added a detailed description of the fifth prize designated for peace, stating: (It is awarded to the person who has made the greatest or best effort for brotherhood among nations, the abolition or reduction of armies, and the promotion of peace conferences).
The Nobel Peace Prize is usually the most controversial, especially since it does not adhere to specific scientific criteria like the physics and chemistry prizes, but it is naturally subject to four main criteria, the most important of which is tangible actual effort, such as signing a peace agreement or successfully achieving a ceasefire, followed by continuity and its ability to create a sustainable impact.
With just four days remaining until the announcement of the Nobel Peace Prize winner, it is important to consider the chances of Trump winning the prize. On one hand, some countries have nominated Trump, such as Israel and Pakistan, although the request was submitted after the nomination period had closed.
From his perspective, he believes he contributed to reducing tensions and stopping many conflicts during his terms, having led three summits with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un between 2018 and 2019, which at that time led to a reduction in military tensions between the Koreas, unprecedented since the 1950s, and a temporary halt to North Korean nuclear tests.
Among his most significant achievements is the Abraham Accords, which established peace between four Arab countries and Israel, a path he aspires to complete. Naturally, Israeli practices and statements regarding the two-state solution stand as a stumbling block to that.
In addition to the U.S. administration's agreement with the "Taliban" in Doha, and the agreement between Serbia and Kosovo that opened trade and diplomatic channels, even though it did not rise to the level of a peace agreement, during his current term, his efforts to reduce tensions between Pakistan and India are seen as one of the initiatives that spared the region great calamities between two nuclear states.
However, during this period, two major dilemmas remain; the first is the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which has not seen progress towards a ceasefire despite the wave of optimism suggested by the Alaska summit between Trump and Putin, held in mid-August, and many of Trump’s critics point to his promises during the elections to end this war within 24 hours, which he often refers to as Biden's war.
The other dilemma is, of course, the conflict in Gaza, as well as its regional ramifications. Netanyahu has exploited the gift of the "sunar" to strike in Yemen, Lebanon, and Syria, and even to hit Iran at its stronghold. Here, too, lies an additional challenge, as it is the first time American forces have directly participated in military action with Israel, while Washington has failed to convince Tehran since then to sign a new nuclear agreement.
Yet, Trump's initiative to achieve a ceasefire in Gaza and the return of hostages, along with the withdrawal of Israeli forces from the sector, is seen as an important achievement, as there seems to be pressure on both Hamas and Israel for the first time in a way that matures the solution. The challenge remains whether the solution will be sustainable or not, to avoid a repeat of the Lebanese scenario, where a ceasefire was established but Hezbollah's weapons have not yet been handed over to the state, nor have Israeli forces withdrawn from the five positions.
Trump's chances of winning this year do not seem great, despite the achievements made during his terms, and the dividing line in the committee's methodology is how it evaluates Trump's accomplishments and whether they represent a political deal or changes that result in a sustainable humanitarian transformation, which distinguishes between positive and normative peace, viewing peace as a sustainable state of justice and not merely confined to the cessation of war.


