تتربع المملكة العربية السعودية على هرم أكثر دول العالم إنتاجاً لمحاصيل التمور، فهي الرابعة دولياً في إنتاج المحتوى العالمي من التمور والخامسة في الترتيب من حيث التصدير لشتى دول العالم، وذلك وفقاً لدراسة منظمة الأغذية والزراعة التابعة للأمم المتحدة عن نخيل التمر في المنطقة العربية (2023)، مع تعدد وفير للأنواع والفصائل التي تنتجها والتي تتفاوت في محتواها وتركيبها الدقيق.
ولعل شعار المملكة العربية السعودية، الذي يحوي النخلة عنصراً أساسياً في محتواه يفسر ذلك العمق التاريخي الثقافي والأهمية لنخيل التمور، وفوائد التمور على الأصعدة كافة. لذا، كان من خيرات رؤية السعودية 2030، إنشاء الدولة المركز الوطني للتمور كياناً إداريّاً مستقلاً يعنى بكل ما يعزز تنمية إنتاج التمور وتسويقها وتعزيز قيمتها. غير أن هناك جوانب عديدة تكتنف صناعة التمور، وأبعاداً أخرى لم تنل نصيها الكافي من الدراسة والتطبيق وتعظيم الفائدة. من ذلك، الدور المنشود من صناعة التمور ونواتجها الثانوية كمواد خام لإنتاج مشتقات الطاقة.
المملكة بلد في أغلبه صحراوي، عدا مناطق محدودة جداً، فأراضيه الزراعية وموارده المائية الطبيعية شحيحة. إلا أن ما يميّز المملكة زراعياً غزارة إنتاجها من التمور. يشير التقرير الصادر من المركز الوطني للتمور في عام 2024م باكتناز المملكة أكثر من 37 مليون نخلة تنتج ما يربو على عشرين صنفاً من التمور على امتداد مناطق المملكة. وكأي محصول زراعي استراتيجي، يصاحب هذا الإنتاج الحولي الضخم نواتج ثانوية ومخلفات. وفي هذا السياق، ذكرت صحيفة الوطن السعودية في ثنايا نشرتها الصادرة في 14/5/1443هـ الموافق 18/12/2021م بأن مخلفات أشجار نخيل التمور مجتمعةً في السعف والليف، تشكّل في مجموعها 20 كيلوغراماً عن كل نخلة سنوياً. كما أشار الخبر إلى أن هذه المخلفات تشكّل إرهاقاً مادياً لصغار المزارعين للتخلص منها بالطريقة الآمنة، لاسيما بعد حوكمة إجراءات التخلص الآمن من تلك المخلفات، بعد أن كان حرقها هو الوسيلة الأسرع للتخلص منها وما يصحبه من إضرار عام بالوسط البيئي وعناصره الحيوية المختلفة. يضاف إلى ذلك، نوى التمور، الذي يمثل مقداراً يراوح بين 10 إلى 20% من وزن حبة التمر الواحدة على اختلاف أنواعها وفصائلها. عليه، فإن المتولد من مخلفات نخيل التمور بالمملكة سنوياً هو حوالى 740 ألف طن من مخلفات النخيل وقرابة 380 طناً من نوى التمور، هذا إذا علمنا أن مقدار ما تم إنتاجه من التمور في المملكة وفق آخر تقرير صادر عن المركز الوطني للتمور هو أكثر من مليون وتسعمائة ألف طن. جميع هذه المخلفات تعد مصادر قابلة للتدوير وإنتاج الكحول أو الإيثانول الحيوي كونها غنية المحتوى بكميات كبيرة من المصادر السكرية، بعد معالجات تصنيعية تضمن تفكيك صلابتها وإزالة ما يعتريها من شوائب لتتاح بصورة نقية كمورد تخميري للكائنات الحية الدقيقة لإنتاج الإيثانول.. علاوةً على ما يمكن تصنيعه من الفحم المضغوط من تلك المخلفات، الذي يستورد بكميات هائلة من دول جنوب شرق آسيا ومصدره مخلفات النخيل وجوز الهند هناك.
حتماً، لن يكون أي مصدر طاقة بديل بمفرده في قادم الأيام هو الأوحد في إنتاج الطاقة كما شهدنا ونشهد مع النفط ومشتقاته حيال تلبية ذلك الدور على الصعيد المحلي والعالمي. غير أن تنويع مصادر سلة الطاقة من المصادر الخام يشكّل أهميةً قصوى في تقليل الاعتماد على النفط مصدراً نابضاً غير مستدام، ما يعزز الانتقال التدريجي إلى مصادر محلية مستدامة، تقل مع جهود البحث والتطوير والتمرس في إنتاجها عن تكلفة الإنتاج الباهظة، شأنها في ذلك شأن أي تقنية، ويصبح الأمر أكثر استمرارية وسهولة. وكما حفظت النخلة إرث السعودية وساهمت بثمارها في أمنها الغذائي، واستمد منها السعوديون عاداتهم العربية الأصيلة من كرم وشهامة معهودة، فهي تمثّل كذلك مصدراً واعداً وفريداً في تعزيز إنتاج الطاقة، وديمومة ظلالها الحضاري الوارف على أرجائها المعمورة.
تابع قناة عكاظ على الواتساب
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ranks at the top of the world's date palm production, being the fourth largest globally in terms of date production and the fifth in terms of exports to various countries around the world. This is according to a study by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations on date palms in the Arab region (2023), with a rich variety of species and types produced, which vary in their content and precise composition.
The emblem of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which features the palm tree as a fundamental element, explains the historical and cultural depth and importance of date palms, as well as the benefits of dates on all fronts. Therefore, one of the blessings of Saudi Vision 2030 is the establishment of the National Center for Dates as an independent administrative entity concerned with everything that enhances the development of date production, marketing, and value enhancement. However, there are many aspects surrounding the date industry, and other dimensions that have not received their fair share of study, application, and maximization of benefits. Among these is the desired role of the date industry and its by-products as raw materials for energy derivatives.
The Kingdom is predominantly desert, except for very limited areas, with its agricultural lands and natural water resources being scarce. However, what distinguishes the Kingdom agriculturally is its abundant date production. A report issued by the National Center for Dates in 2024 indicates that the Kingdom has over 37 million date palms producing more than twenty varieties of dates across its regions. Like any strategic agricultural crop, this massive annual production is accompanied by by-products and waste. In this context, the Saudi newspaper Al-Watan mentioned in its publication dated 14/5/1443 AH corresponding to 18/12/2021 AD that the waste from date palm trees, collectively in fronds and fibers, amounts to 20 kilograms per palm annually. The report also noted that this waste poses a financial burden on small farmers for safe disposal, especially after the governance of safe disposal procedures, as burning was the quickest method of disposal, which caused general harm to the environment and its various vital elements. Additionally, date pits represent an amount ranging from 10 to 20% of the weight of a single date, regardless of its types and varieties. Therefore, the annual waste generated from date palms in the Kingdom is about 740,000 tons of palm waste and nearly 380 tons of date pits, considering that the amount of dates produced in the Kingdom, according to the latest report from the National Center for Dates, is more than one million nine hundred thousand tons. All this waste is considered recyclable sources for producing alcohol or bioethanol, as it is rich in large quantities of sugary sources, after manufacturing treatments that ensure the breakdown of its hardness and the removal of impurities to provide it in a pure form as a fermentable resource for microorganisms to produce ethanol. Moreover, compressed charcoal can be manufactured from this waste, which is imported in huge quantities from Southeast Asian countries, sourced from palm and coconut waste there.
Certainly, no single alternative energy source in the coming days will be the sole producer of energy, as we have seen and continue to witness with oil and its derivatives in fulfilling that role on both local and global levels. However, diversifying the sources of the energy basket from raw materials is of utmost importance in reducing reliance on oil as a non-sustainable pulsating source, which enhances the gradual transition to sustainable local sources, reducing production costs with research and development efforts and expertise in their production, similar to any technology, making the matter more sustainable and easier. Just as the palm tree has preserved Saudi heritage and contributed its fruits to its food security, and from which Saudis have drawn their authentic Arab customs of generosity and noble character, it also represents a promising and unique source in enhancing energy production and the continuity of its rich cultural shade across the globe.
The emblem of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which features the palm tree as a fundamental element, explains the historical and cultural depth and importance of date palms, as well as the benefits of dates on all fronts. Therefore, one of the blessings of Saudi Vision 2030 is the establishment of the National Center for Dates as an independent administrative entity concerned with everything that enhances the development of date production, marketing, and value enhancement. However, there are many aspects surrounding the date industry, and other dimensions that have not received their fair share of study, application, and maximization of benefits. Among these is the desired role of the date industry and its by-products as raw materials for energy derivatives.
The Kingdom is predominantly desert, except for very limited areas, with its agricultural lands and natural water resources being scarce. However, what distinguishes the Kingdom agriculturally is its abundant date production. A report issued by the National Center for Dates in 2024 indicates that the Kingdom has over 37 million date palms producing more than twenty varieties of dates across its regions. Like any strategic agricultural crop, this massive annual production is accompanied by by-products and waste. In this context, the Saudi newspaper Al-Watan mentioned in its publication dated 14/5/1443 AH corresponding to 18/12/2021 AD that the waste from date palm trees, collectively in fronds and fibers, amounts to 20 kilograms per palm annually. The report also noted that this waste poses a financial burden on small farmers for safe disposal, especially after the governance of safe disposal procedures, as burning was the quickest method of disposal, which caused general harm to the environment and its various vital elements. Additionally, date pits represent an amount ranging from 10 to 20% of the weight of a single date, regardless of its types and varieties. Therefore, the annual waste generated from date palms in the Kingdom is about 740,000 tons of palm waste and nearly 380 tons of date pits, considering that the amount of dates produced in the Kingdom, according to the latest report from the National Center for Dates, is more than one million nine hundred thousand tons. All this waste is considered recyclable sources for producing alcohol or bioethanol, as it is rich in large quantities of sugary sources, after manufacturing treatments that ensure the breakdown of its hardness and the removal of impurities to provide it in a pure form as a fermentable resource for microorganisms to produce ethanol. Moreover, compressed charcoal can be manufactured from this waste, which is imported in huge quantities from Southeast Asian countries, sourced from palm and coconut waste there.
Certainly, no single alternative energy source in the coming days will be the sole producer of energy, as we have seen and continue to witness with oil and its derivatives in fulfilling that role on both local and global levels. However, diversifying the sources of the energy basket from raw materials is of utmost importance in reducing reliance on oil as a non-sustainable pulsating source, which enhances the gradual transition to sustainable local sources, reducing production costs with research and development efforts and expertise in their production, similar to any technology, making the matter more sustainable and easier. Just as the palm tree has preserved Saudi heritage and contributed its fruits to its food security, and from which Saudis have drawn their authentic Arab customs of generosity and noble character, it also represents a promising and unique source in enhancing energy production and the continuity of its rich cultural shade across the globe.


